The microtubule-associated protein Tau is implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease. Increasing evidence suggests that post-translational modifications play critical roles in regulating Tau normal functions and its pathogenic properties in Tauopathies. Very little is known about how phosphorylation of tyrosine residues influences the structure, aggregation, and microtubule- and lipid-binding properties of Tau. In this work, we aimed to address this knowledge gap and determine the relative contribution of phosphorylation of one or several of the five tyrosine residues in Tau (Y18, Y29, Y197, Y310 and Y394) to the regulation of its biophysical, aggregation and functional properties. Towards this goal, we used a combination of site-specific mutagenesis and in vitro phosphorylation by c-Abl kinase to generate Tau species phosphorylated at all tyrosine residues, all tyrosine residues except Y310 or Y394 (pTau-Y310F, pTau-Y394F) and Tau phosphorylated only at Y310 or Y394 (4F\pY310 or 4F\pY394). Our results show that phosphorylation at all five tyrosine residues, multiple N-terminal tyrosine residues (Y18, Y29 and Y197) or site-specific phosphorylation at residue Y310, itself located in the microtubule-binding and aggregation-prone domain of Tau, was sufficient to abolish Tau aggregation and inhibit its microtubule- and lipid-binding properties. NMR studies demonstrated that these effects were mediated by a local decrease in β−sheet propensity of the PHF6 domain. Our findings underscore the unique role of Y310 phosphorylation in the regulation of Tau aggregation, microtubule and lipid interactions and highlight the importance of conducting further studies to elucidate its role in the regulation of Tau normal functions and its pathogenic properties.* Abl : Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 AD : Alzheimer’s disease Arg : Abelson tyrosine-protein kinase 2 BPS : brain phosphatidylserine CBD : corticobasal degeneration CD : circular dichroism CTE : chronic traumatic encephalopathy EM : electron microscopy fPS : fluorescent phospholipids FTDP-17 : frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 GTP : guanosine triphosphate HSCQS : heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopy LC/MS : liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry MAPF : microtubule−associated protein fraction MS/MS : tandem mass spectrometry MT : microtubule MTBD : microtubule-binding domain MTBR : microtubule-binding region NBD : nitrobenzoxadiazole NFT : neurofibrillary tangle NMR : nuclear magnetic resonance PD : Parkinson’s disease pS : phospho-serine PSP : progressive supranuclear palsy pT : phospho-threonines PTM : post-translational modification pY : phospho-tyrosine RP−HPLC : reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography RT : room temperature SD : standard deviation SDS-PAGE : sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis SP : spectral count ssi : secondary shift index Syk : Spleen tyrosine kinase ThT : thioflavin T TTBK1 : Tau tubulin kinase 1 UPLC : ultra performance liquid chromatography WT : wild-type