The contractile actin cortex is a thin layer of actin, myosin, and actin-binding proteins that subtends the membrane of animal cells. The cortex is the main determinant of cell shape and plays a fundamental role in cell division [1Stewart M.P. Helenius J. Toyoda Y. Ramanathan S.P. Muller D.J. Hyman A.A. Hydrostatic pressure and the actomyosin cortex drive mitotic cell rounding.Nature. 2011; 469: 226-230Crossref PubMed Scopus (446) Google Scholar, 2Kunda P. Pelling A.E. Liu T. Baum B. Moesin controls cortical rigidity, cell rounding, and spindle morphogenesis during mitosis.Curr. Biol. 2008; 18: 91-101Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (319) Google Scholar, 3Bray D. White J.G. Cortical flow in animal cells.Science. 1988; 239: 883-888Crossref PubMed Scopus (418) Google Scholar], migration [4Cramer L.P. Forming the cell rear first: breaking cell symmetry to trigger directed cell migration.Nat. 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Electron microscopy examination revealed that each nucleator affected cortical network architecture differently. mDia1 depletion led to failure in division, but Arp2/3 depletion did not. Interestingly, despite not affecting division on its own, Arp2/3 inhibition potentiated the effect of mDia1 depletion. Our findings indicate that the bulk of the actin cortex is nucleated by mDia1 and Arp2/3 and suggest a mechanism for rapid fine-tuning of cortex structure and mechanics by adjusting the relative contribution of each nucleator.