ABSTRACT As the focus for CRISPR edited plants moves from proof-of-concept to real world applications, precise gene manipulation will increasingly require concurrent multiplex editing for polygenic traits. A common approach for editing across multiple sites is to design one gRNA per target; however, this complicates construct assembly and increases the possibility of off-target mutations. In this study, we utilized one gRNA to target MYB186 , a known positive trichome regulator, as well as its paralogs MYB138 and MYB38 at a consensus site for mutagenesis in Populus tremula × P. alba INRA 717-1B4. Unexpected duplications of MYB186 and MYB138 resulted in a total of eight alleles for the three targeted genes in the hybrid poplar. Deep sequencing and PCR analyses confirmed editing across all eight targets in nearly all of the resultant glabrous mutants, ranging from small indels to large genomic dropouts, with no off-target activity detected at four potential sites. This highlights the effectiveness of a single gRNA targeting conserved exonic regions for multiplex editing. Additionally, cuticular wax and whole leaf analyses showed a complete absence of triterpenes in the trichomeless mutants, hinting at a previously undescribed role for the non-glandular trichomes of poplar. ONE SENTENCE SUMMARY Targeting conserved sequences with a single gRNA allowed efficient mutagenesis of a multigene family and the recovery of trichomeless and triterpene-free poplar mutants.

Multiplex knockout of trichome-regulating MYB duplicates in hybrid poplar using a single gRNA