Abstract

Implantable central and peripheral neural interfaces have great potential in treating various nerve injuries and diseases. Still, limitations of surgery trauma, handling inconvenience, and biocompatibility issues of available materials and techniques significantly hinder the peripheral nerve interface for research and clinical purposes. MXenes have great potential as bioelectronics materials for excellent hydrophilicity, conductivity, and biocompatibility. However, their application in bioelectronic interface has been limited due to the poor oxidation stability and fast tissue clearance. Here, we developed a minimal-invasive jet-injected neural interface using MXene nanosheets with strong redox stability, tissue adhesion, conductivity, and good self-bonding properties. We also develop a minimal-invasive jet injector to implant the optimized MXene suspension into the damaged sciatic nerve and establish a neural interface through tissue adhesion and self-bonding. We use this neural interface to promote nerve regeneration and perform electrophysiology recording on moving mice. We prove that the nanosheets can mitigate cellular inflammation, promote tissue healing, and record high-quality electrophysiology signals for predicting joint movement. Thus, our material and implantation strategy together form a novel minimal-invasive neural interface, facilitating the collection and analysis of large-scale living body data to solve the challenge of neurological diseases of the peripheral or even the central nervous system.