Abstract The vaginal microbiota is presumably much simpler than the gut microbiome, and oral probiotics appear as a promising means to modulate its homeostasis in the general population. Here, 60 women were followed for over a year before, during and after a probiotic containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and L. reuteri RC-14. Shotgun metagenomic data of 1334 samples from multiple body sites did not support colonization of the probiotics to the vagino-cervical microbiome, yet the microbiome was stable in those dominated by Lactobacilli and some individuals have likely benefited from this medication-free intervention.

Personalized vagino-cervical microbiome dynamics after oral probiotics