Abstract The translin/trax microRNA-degrading enzyme mediates activity-induced changes in translation that underlie several long-lasting forms of cellular plasticity. As translin and trax are expressed in dopaminergic and striatal neurons, we proceeded to investigate whether deletion of Tsn blocks amphetamine sensitization, a long-lasting, translation-dependent form of behavioral plasticity, Although we expected constitutive Tsn deletion to impair amphetamine sensitization, we found, instead, that it enhances the hyperlocomotion produced by the initial dose of amphetamine. Since these mice display elevated adiposity, which alters pharmacokinetics of many drugs, we measured brain amphetamine levels in Tsn knockout mice and found that these are elevated. We also found that diet-induced increases in adiposity in WT mice correlate with elevated brain amphetamine levels. As amphetamine and its analogues are widely used to treat attention deficit disorder, which is associated with obesity, further studies are needed to assess the impact of adiposity on amphetamine levels in these patients.

Increased amphetamine-induced hyperactivity in translin (Tsn) KO mice is driven by elevated adiposity