In intercropping system, the interplay between cereals and legumes, which is strongly driven by complementarity of below-ground structures and their interactions with the soil microbiome, raises a fundamental query: Can different genotypes alter the configuration of the rhizosphere microbial communities? To address this issue, we conducted a field study, probing the effects of intercropping and diverse maize (Zea mays L.) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L., Phaseolus coccineus L.) genotype combinations. Our results unveil that intercropping condition alters the rhizosphere bacterial communities, but that the degree of this impact is substantially affected by specific genotype combinations. Overall, intercropping allows the recruitment of exclusive bacterial species and enhance community complexity. Nevertheless, combinations of maize and beans genotypes determine two distinct groups characterized by higher or lower bacterial community diversity and complexity, which are influenced by the specific bean line associated. Moreover, intercropped maize lines exhibit varying propensities in recruiting bacterial members with more responsive lines showing preferential interactions with specific microorganisms. Our study conclusively shows that genotype has an impact on the rhizosphere microbiome and that a careful selection of genotype combinations for both species involved is essential to achieve compatibility optimization in intercropping.

Genotype combinations drive variability in the microbiome configuration of the rhizosphere of Maize/Bean intercropping system