Abstract

Abstract This paper presents the first synaptic transistor (ST) that combines crossed p‐type and n‐type semiconductor nanowires (NWs) to form a bipolar conductive channels. The bipolar channel with both electron and hole transport paths enables the emulation of multiplexed neurotransmission of different neurotransmitters in a brain to realize complex neural functions using nanowires. Except for basic synaptic functions, the device demonstrates the potential to distinguish reward‐processing and aversive responses. The opposite polarities of NWs enable emulation of a series of complex neural activities using a single electronic device, such as satiety, depression, and drug withdrawal. The device is applicable to deep convolutional neural networks for electrocardiograms. The new strategy of versatile use of electro‐hydrodynamically printed NWs (e‐NWs) is expected to facilitate emulation of complex neural behaviors, and the realization of future neuromorphic electronics that are capable of these behaviors.