Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Amirali Aali,Hazim Ababneh,Yohannes Abate,Cristiana Abbafati,Rouzbeh Abbasgholizadeh,Mohammadreza Abbasian,Mohsen Abbasi‐Kangevari,Hedayat Abbastabar,Samar ElHafeez,Michael Abdelmasseh,Sherief Abd-Elsalam,Ahmed Abdel‐Wahab,Mohammad Abdollahi,Mohammad‐Amin Abdollahifar,Meriem Abdoun,Deldar Abdulah,Auwal Abdullahi,Mesfin Abebe,Solomon Abebe,Aidin Abedi,Kedir Abegaz,E Abhilash,Hassan Abidi,Olumide Abiodun,Richard Aboagye,Hassan Abolhassani,Meysam Abolmaali,Mohamed Abouzid,Girma Aboye,Lucas Abreu,Woldu Abrha,Dariush Abtahi,Samir Abu‐Rumeileh,Hasan Abualruz,Bilyaminu Abubakar,Eman Abu‐Gharbieh,Niveen Abu-Rmeileh,Salah AbuRuz,Ahmed Abu‐Zaid,Manfred Accrombessi,Tadele Adal,Abdu Adamu,Isaac Addo,Giovanni Addolorato,Akindele Adebiyi,Victor Adekanmbi,Abiola Adepoju,Charles Adetunji,Juliana Adetunji,Temitayo Adeyeoluwa,Daniel Adeyinka,Olorunsola Adeyomoye,Biruk Admass,Qorinah Adnani,Saryia Adra,Aanuoluwapo Afolabi,Muhammad Afzal,Saira Afzal,Suneth Agampodi,Pradyumna Agasthi,Manik Aggarwal,Seyed Aghamiri,Feleke Agide,Antonella Agodi,Anurag Agrawal,Williams Agyemang-Duah,Bright Ahinkorah,Aqeel Ahmad,Danish Ahmad,Firdos Ahmad,Muayyad Ahmad,Sajjad Ahmad,Shahzaib Ahmad,Tauseef Ahmad,Keivan Ahmadi,Amir Ahmadzade,Ali Ahmed,Ayman Ahmed,Haroon Ahmed,Luai Ahmed,Mohamed Ahmed,Meqdad Ahmed,Muktar Ahmed,Anees Syed,Marjan Ajami,Budi Aji,Essona Akara,Hossein Akbarialiabad,Karolina Akinosoglou,Tomi Akinyemiju,Mohammed Akkaif,Samuel Akyirem,Hanadi Hamad,Syed Hasan,Fares Alahdab,Samer Alalalmeh,Tariq Alalwan,Ziyad Al‐Aly,Sherief Abd‐Elsalam,Khurshid Alam,Manjurul Alam,Noore Alam,Rasmieh Al‐Amer,Fahad Alanezi,Turki Alanzi,Sayer Al‐Azzam,Almaza Albakri,Mohammed ALBashtawy,Mohammad Al‐bataineh,Jacqueline Alcalde‐Rabanal,Khalifah Aldawsari,Wafa Aldhaleei,Robert Aldridge,Haileselasie Alema,Mulubirhan Alemayohu,Sharifullah Alemi,Yihun Alemu,Adel Al‐Gheethi,Khalid Alhabib,Fadwa Alhalaiqa,Mohammed Al‐Hanawi,Abid Ali,Amjad Ali,Liaqat Ali,Mohammed Ali,R. Ali,Shahid Ali,Syed Ali,Gianfranco Alicandro,Sheikh Alif,Reyhaneh Alikhani,Yousef Alimohamadi,Ahmednur Aliyi,Mohammad Aljasir,Syed Aljunid,François Alla,Peter Allebeck,Sabah Al-Marwani,Sadeq Al‐Maweri,Joseph Almazan,Hesham Al‐Mekhlafi,Louay Almidani,Omar Almidani,Mahmoud Alomari,Basem Al-Omari,Jordi Alonso,Jaber Alqahtani,Shehabaldin Alqalyoobi,Ahmed Alqutaibi,Salman Al-Sabah,Zaid Altaany,Awais Altaf,Jaffar Al‐Tawfiq,Khalid Altirkawi,Deborah Aluh,Nelson Alvis‐Guzmán,Hassan Alwafi,Yaser Al‐Worafi,Hany Aly,Safwat Aly,Karem Alzoubi,Reza Amani,Azmeraw Amare,Prince Amegbor,Edward Ameyaw,Tarek Amin,Alireza Amindarolzarbi,Sohrab Amiri,Mohammad Amirzade-Iranaq,Hubert Amu,Dickson Amugsi,Ganiyu Amusa,Robert Ancuceanu,Deanna Anderlini,David Anderson,Pedro Andrade,Cătălina Andrei,Tudorel Andrei,Colin Angus,Abhishek Anil,Sneha Anil,Amir Anoushiravani,Hossein Ansari,Ansariadi Ansariadi,Alireza Ansari‐Moghaddam,Catherine Antony,Ernoiz Antriyandarti,Davood Anvari,Sara Anvari,Saleha Anwar,Sumadi Anwar,Razique Anwer,Anayochukwu Anyasodor,Muhammad Aqeel,Juan Arab,Jalal Arabloo,Mosab Arafat,Aleksandr Aravkin,Demelash Areda,Adeyemi Aremu,Olatunde Aremu,Hany Ariffin,Mesay Arkew,Benedetta Armocida,Michael Arndt,Johan Ärnlöv,Mahwish Arooj,Anton Artamonov,Judie Arulappan,Raphael Aruleba,Ashokan Arumugam,Malke Asaad,Mohsen Asadi‐Lari,Akeza Asgedom,Mona Asghariahmadabad,Mohammad Asghari‐Jafarabadi,Muhammad Ashraf,Armin Aslani,Thomas Astell–Burt,Mohammad Athar,Seyyed Athari,Bantalem Atinafu,Habtamu Atlaw,Prince Atorkey,Maha Atout,Alok Atreya,Avinash Aujayeb,Marcel Ausloos,Abolfazl Avan,Atalel Awedew,Amlaku Aweke,Beatriz Quintanilla,Haleh Ayatollahi,José Ayuso-Mateos,Seyed Ayyoubzadeh,Sina Azadnajafabad,Rui Azevedo,Ahmed Azzam,B Darshan,Abraham Babu,Muhammad Badar,Ashish Badiye,Soroush Baghdadi,Nasser Bagheri,Sara Bagherieh,Sulaiman Bah,Saeed Bahadorikhalili,Najmeh Bahmanziari,Ruhai Bai,Hitesh Chopra,Jennifer Baker,Abdulaziz Bako,Ravleen Bakshi,Senthilkumar Balakrishnan,M. Balasubramanian,Ovidiu Baltatu,Kiran Bam,Maciej Banach,Soham Bandyopadhyay,Palash Banik,Hansi Bansal,Kannu Bansal,Franca Barbic,Martina Barchitta,Mainak Bardhan,Erfan Bardideh,Suzanne Barker‐Collo,Till Bärnighausen,Francesco Barone-Adesi,Hiba Barqawi,Lope Barrero,Amadou Barrow,Sandra Barteit,Lingkan Barua,Zarrin Basharat,Azadeh Bashiri,Afisu Basiru,Pritish Baskaran,Buddha Basnyat,Quique Bassat,João Basso,Ann Basting,Sanjay Basu,Kavita Batra,Bernhard Baune,Mohsen Bayati,Nebiyou Bayileyegn,Thomas Beaney,Neeraj Bedi,Massimiliano Beghi,Emad Behboudi,Priyamadhaba Behera,Amir Behnoush,Masoud Behzadifar,Maryam Beiranvand,Diana Ramírez,Yannick Béjot,Sefealem Belay,Chalie Belete,Michelle Bell,Muhammad Bello,Oladele Bello,Luis Belo,Apostolos Beloukas,Rose Bender,Isabela Benseñor,Azizullah Beran,Zombor Berezvai,Alemshet Berhie,Betyna Berice,Robert Bernstein,Gregory Bertolacci,Paulo Bettencourt,Kebede Beyene,Devidas Bhagat,Akshaya Bhagavathula,Neeraj Bhala,Ashish Bhalla,Dinesh Bhandari,Kayleigh Bhangdia,Nikha Bhardwaj,Pankaj Bhardwaj,Prarthna Bhardwaj,Ashish Bhargava,Sonu Bhaskar,Vishnu Bhat,Gurjit Bhatti,Jasvinder Bhatti,Manpreet Bhatti,Rajbir Bhatti,Zulfiqar Bhutta,Boris Bikbov,Jessica Bishai,Catherine Bisignano,Francesca Bisulli,Atanu Biswas,Bijit Biswas,Saeid Bitaraf,Bikes Bitew,Veera Bitra,Tone Bjørge,Micheal Boachie,Mary Boampong,Anca Bobircă,Virgínia Bodolica,Aadam Bodunrin,Eyob Bogale,Kassawmar Bogale,Somayeh Bohlouli,Obasanjo Bolarinwa,Archith Boloor,Milad Hashemi,Aimé Bonny,Kaustubh Bora,Berrak Başara,Hamed Borhany,Arturo Borzutzky,Souad Bouaoud,Antoine Boustany,C. Boxe,Edward Boyko,Oliver Brady,Dejana Braithwaite,Luísa Brant,Michael Bräuer,Alexandra Bražinová,Javier Brazo-Sayavera,Nicholas Breitborde,Susanne Breitner,Hermann Brenner,Andrey Briko,Nikolay Briko,Gabrielle Britton,Julie Brown,Traolach Brugha,Norma Bulamu,Lemma Bulto,Danilo Buonsenso,Richard Burns,Reinhard Busse,Yasser Bustanji,Nadeem Butt,Zahid Butt,Florentino Santos,Daniela Calina,Luis Cámera,Luciana Campos,Ismael Campos-Nonato,Yin Cao,Angelo Capodici,Rosario Cárdenas,Sinclair Carr,Giulia Carreras,Juan Carrero,Andrea Carugno,Cristina Carvalheiro,Félix Carvalho,Márcia Carvalho,João Castaldelli-Maia,Carlos Castañeda-Orjuela,Giulio Castelpietra,Ferrán Catalá-López,Alberico Catapano,Maria Cattaruzza,Christopher Cederroth,Luca Cegolon,Francieli Cembranel,Muthia Cenderadewi,Kelly Cercy,Ester Cerin,Müge Çevik,Joshua Chadwick,Yaacoub Chahine,Chiranjib Chakraborty,Promit Chakraborty,Jeffrey Chan,Raymond Chan,Rama Chandika,Eeshwar Chandrasekar,Chieh-Yu Chang,Jung‐Chen Chang,Gashaw Chanie,Periklis Charalampous,Vijay Chattu,Pankaj Chaturvedi,Victoria Chatzimavridou-Grigoriadou,Akhilanand Chaurasia,A Chen,An-Tian Chen,Catherine Chen,Haowei Chen,Meng Chen,Simiao Chen,Ching‐Yu Cheng,Esther Cheng,Nicolas Cherbuin,Wondimye Cheru,Ju‐Huei Chien,Odgerel Chimed‐Ochir,Ritesh Chimoriya,Patrick Ching,Jesús Chirinos-Cáceres,Abdulaal Chitheer,William Cho,Bryan Chong,Sonali Choudhari,Rajiv Chowdhury,Devasahayam Christopher,Isaac Chukwu,Eric Chung,Erin Chung,Eunice Chung,Sheng‐Chia Chung,Muhammad Chutiyami,Zinhle Cindi,Iolanda Cioffi,Mareli Claassens,Rafael Claro,Kaleb Coberly,Rebecca Cogen,Alyssa Columbus,Haley Comfort,João Conde,Samuele Cortese,P. Cortesi,Vera Costa,Simona Costanzo,Ewerton Cousin,Rosa Couto,Richard Cowden,K. Cramér,Michael Criqui,Natália Cruz‐Martins,Silvia Cuadra-Hernández,Garland Culbreth,Patricia Cullen,Matthew Cunningham,María Curado,Sriharsha Dadana,Omid Dadras,Siyu Dai,Xiaochen Dai,Zhaoli Dai,Lachlan Dalli,Giovanni Damiani,Jiregna Gela,Jai Das,Saswati Das,Subasish Das,Ana Dascălu,Nihar Dash,Mohsen Dashti,Άννα Δαστιρίδου,Gail Davey,Claudio Dávila-Cervantes,Nicole Weaver,Kairat Davletov,Diego Leo,Katie Luca,Aklilu Debele,Shayom Debopadhaya,Louisa Degenhardt,Azizallah Dehghan,Lee Deitesfeld,Cristian Bo’,Iván Delgado‐Enciso,Berecha Demessa,Andreas Demetriades,Ke Deng,Xinlei Deng,Edgar Denova‐Gutiérrez,Niloofar Deravi,Nebiyu Dereje,Nikolaos Dervenis,Emina Dervišević,Don Jarlais,Hardik Desai,Rupak Desai,Vinoth Chellaiyan,Syed Dewan,Arkadeep Dhali,Kuldeep Dhama,Meghnath Dhimal,Swati Dhingra,Vishal Dhulipala,Diana Silva,Daniel Díaz,Michael Díaz,Adriana Dima,Delaney Ding,Huanghe Ding,Ricardo Dinis‐Oliveira,M Dirac,Shirin Djalalinia,Thao Phuong,Camila Prado,Saeid Doaei,Masoud Dodangeh,Milad Dodangeh,Sushil Dohare,Клара Докова,Christiane Dolecek,Regina-Mae Dominguez,Wanyue Dong,Deepa Dongarwar,Mario D’Oria,Fariba Dorostkar,E. Dorsey,Wendel Santos,Rajkumar Doshi,Leila Doshmangir,Robert Dowou,Tim Driscoll,Haneil Dsouza,Viola Dsouza,Mi Du,John Dube,Bruce Duncan,André Durães,Senbagam Duraisamy,Oyewole Durojaiye,Laura Dwyer‐Lindgren,Paulina Dzianach,Arkadiusz Dziedzic,Abdel E'Mar,Ejemai Eboreime,Alireza Ebrahimi,Chidiebere Echieh,Hisham Edinur,David Edvardsson,Kristina Edvardsson,Defi Efendi,Ferry Efendi,Diyan Effendi,Terje Eikemo,Ebrahim Eini,Michael Ekholuenetale,Temitope Ekundayo,Iman Sayed,Iffat Elbarazi,Teshome Elema,Noha Elemam,Frank Elgar,Islam Elgendy,Ghada Elgohary,Hala Elhabashy,Muhammed Elhadi,Waseem El‐Huneidi,Legesse Elilo,Omar Meligy,Mohamed Elmonem,Mohammed Elshaer,Ibrahim Elsohaby,Theophilus Emeto,Luchuo Bain,Ryenchindorj Erkhembayar,Christopher Esezobor,Babak Eshrati,Sharareh Eskandarieh,Juan Espinosa‐Montero,Habtamu Esubalew,Farshid Etaee,Natalia Fabin,Adewale Fadaka,Adeniyi Fagbamigbe,Ayesha Fahim,Saman Fahimi,Aliasghar Fakhri-Demeshghieh,Luca Falzone,Mohammad Fareed,Carla Farinha,MoezAlIslam Faris,Pawan Faris,André Faro,Abidemi Fasanmi,Ali Fatehizadeh,Hamed Fattahi,Nelsensius Fauk,Pariya Fazeli,Valery Feigin,Alireza Feizkhah,Ginenus Fekadu,Xiaoru Feng,Seyed‐Mohammad Fereshtehnejad,Abdullah Feroze,Daniela Ferrante,Alize Ferrari,Nuno Ferreira,Getahun Fetensa,Bikila Feyisa,Irina Filip,Florian Fischer,Joanne Flavel,David Flood,Bobirca Florin,Nataliya Foigt,Morẹ́nikẹ́ Foláyan,Artem Fomenkov,Behzad Foroutan,Masoud Foroutan,Ingeborg Forthun,Daniela Fortuna,Matteo Foschi,Kayode Fowobaje,Kate Francis,Richard Franklin,Alberto Freitas,Joseph Friedman,Sara Friedman,Takeshi Fukumoto,John Fuller,Blima Fux,Péter Gaál,Muktar Gadanya,Abhay Gaidhane,Santosh Gaihre,Emmanuela Gakidou,Yaseen Galali,Natalie Galles,Silvano Gallus,Mandukhai Ganbat,Aravind Gandhi,Balasankar Ganesan,Mohammad Ganiyani,Miguel García-Gordillo,William Gardner,Jalaj Garg,Neha Garg,Rupesh Gautam,Semiu Gbadamosi,Tilaye Gebi,Miglas Gebregergis,Mesfin Gebrehiwot,Teferi Gebremeskel,Simona Georgescu,Tamirat Getachew,Peter Gething,Molla Getie,Keyghobad Ghadiri,Sulmaz Ghahramani,Khalid Ghailan,Mohammadreza Ghasemi,Ghazal Dabaghi,Afsaneh Ghasemzadeh,Ahmad Ghashghaee,Fariba Ghassemi,Ramy Ghazy,Ajnish Ghimire,Sama Ghoba,Maryam Gholamalizadeh,Asadollah Gholamian,Ali Gholamrezanezhad,Nasim Gholizadeh,Mahsa Ghorbani,Pooyan Vajargah,Aloke Ghoshal,Paramjit Gill,Tiffany Gill,Richard Gillum,Themba Ginindza,Alem Girmay,James Glasbey,E. Gnedovskaya,László Göbölös,Myron Godinho,Amit Goel,Ali Golchin,Mohamad Goldust,Mahaveer Golechha,Pouya Goleij,Nelson Gomes,Philimon Gona,Sameer Gopalani,Giuseppe Gorini,Houman Goudarzi,Alessandra Goulart,Bárbara Goulart,Anmol Goyal,Ayman Grada,Simon Graham,Michal Grivna,Giuseppe Grosso,Shi‐Yang Guan,Giovanni Guarducci,Mohammed Gubari,Mesay Dechasa,Avirup Guha,Stefano Guicciardi,Rafael Guimarães,Snigdha Gulati,Damitha Gunawardane,Sasidhar Gunturu,Cui Guo,Anish Gupta,Bhawna Gupta,Manoj Gupta,Mohak Gupta,Rajat Gupta,Rajeev Gupta,Sapna Gupta,Veer Gupta,Vijai Gupta,Vivek Gupta,Lami Gurmessa,Reyna Gutiérrez,Farrokh Habibzadeh,Parham Habibzadeh,Rasool Haddadi,Mostafa Hadei,Najah Hadi,Nils Haep,Nima Hafezi‐Nejad,Alemayehu Hailu,Arvin Haj‐Mirzaian,Esam Halboub,Brian Hall,Sebastian Haller,Rabih Halwani,Randah Hamadeh,Sajid Hameed,Samer Hamidi,Erin Hamilton,Chieh Han,Qiuxia Han,Asif Hanif,Nasrin Hanifi,Graeme Hankey,Fahad Hanna,Md. Hannan,Md Haque,Harapan Harapan,Arief Hargono,Josep Haro,Ahmed Hasaballah,Ikramul Hasan,Mehedi Hasan,Hamidreza Hasani,Mohammad Hasanian,Abdiwahab Hashi,Md Hasnain,Iffat Hassan,Soheil Hassanipour,Hadi Hassankhani,Johannes Haubold,Rasmus Havmoeller,Simon Hay,Jiawei He,Jeffrey Hébert,Omar Hegazi,Golnaz Heidari,Mohammad Heidari,Mahsa Heidari‐Foroozan,Bartosz Helfer,Delia Hendrie,Brenda Herrera-Serna,Claudiu Herţeliu,Hamed Hesami,Kamal Hezam,Catherine Hill,Yuta Hiraike,Ramesh Holla,Nobuyuki Horita,Md Hossain,Sahadat Hossain,Mohammad-Salar Hosseini,Hassan Hosseinzadeh,Mehdi Hosseinzadeh,Ahmad Adli,Mihaela Hostiuc,Sorin Hostiuc,Mohamed Hsaïri,Vivian Hsieh,Rebecca Hsu,Chenxi Hu,Junjie Huang,Michael Hultström,Ayesha Humayun,Tsegaye Hundie,Javid Hussain,Muhammad Hussain,Nawfal Hussein,Foziya Hussien,Hong-Han Huynh,Bing‐Fang Hwang,Segun Ibitoye,Khalid Ibrahim,Pulwasha Iftikhar,Desta Ijo,Adalia Ikiroma,Kevin Ikuta,Paul Ikwegbue,Olayinka Ilesanmi,Irena Ilić,Milena Ilic,Mohammad Imam,Mustapha Immurana,Sumant Inamdar,Endang Indriasih,Muhammad Iqhrammullah,Arnaud Iradukunda,Kenneth Iregbu,Md. Islam,Sheikh Islam,Farhad Islami,Faisal Ismail,Nahlah Ismail,Hiroyasu Iso,Gaetano Isola,Masao Iwagami,Chidozie Iwu,Ihoghosa Iyamu,Mahalaxmi Iyer,Linda J,Jalil Jaafari,Louis Jacob,Kathryn Jacobsen,Farhad Jadidi‐Niaragh,Morteza Jafarinia,Abdollah Jafarzadeh,Khushleen Jaggi,Kasra Jahankhani,Nader Jahanmehr,Haitham Jahrami,Nityanand Jain,Ammar Jairoun,Abhishek Jaiswal,Elham Jamshidi,Mark Janko,Abubakar Jatau,Sabzali Javadov,Tahereh Javaheri,Sathish Jayapal,Shubha Jayaram,Rime Jebai,Sun Jee,Jayakumar Jeganathan,Anil Jha,Ravi Jha,Heng Jiang,Yingzhao Jin,Olatunji Johnson,Mohammad Jokar,Jost Jonas,Tamás Joó,Abel Joseph,Nitin Joseph,Charity Joshua,Kirsty Douglas,Jacek Jozwiak,Mikk Jürisson,K Vaishali,Billingsley Kaambwa,Ali Kabir,Zubair Kabir,Vidya Kadashetti,Dler Kadir,Rizwan Kalani,Laleh Kalankesh,Leila Kalankesh,Feroze Kaliyadan,Sanjay Kalra,Vineet Kamal,Sivesh Kamarajah,Rajesh Kamath,Zahra Kamiab,Naser Mezerji,Thanigaivelan Kanagasabai,Tanuj Kanchan,Himal Kandel,Arun Kanmanthareddy,Edmund Kanmiki,Kehinde Kanmodi,Suthanthira S,Sushil Kansal,Rami Kantar,Neeti Kapoor,Mehrdad Karajizadeh,Shama Karanth,Reema Karasneh,Ibraheem Karaye,André Karch,Asima Karim,Salah Karimi,Arman Behnagh,Faizan Kashoo,Qalandar Kasnazani,Hengameh Kasraei,Nicholas Kassebaum,Molly Kassel,Joonas Kauppila,Navjot Kaur,Norito Kawakami,Gbenga Kayode,Foad Kazemi,Sina Kazemian,Tahseen Kazmi,Getu Kebebew,Aweke Kebede,Fassikaw Kebede,Tibebeselassie Keflie,Peter Keiyoro,Cathleen Keller,Jaimon Kelly,John Kempen,Jessica Kerr,Emmanuelle Kesse‐Guyot,Himanshu Khajuria,Amirmohammad Khalaji,Nauman Khalid,Anees Khalil,Alireza Khalilian,Faham Khamesipour,Ajmal Khan,Asaduzzaman Khan,Gulfaraz Khan,Ikramullah Khan,Imteyaz Khan,Md Khan,Maseer Khan,Mohammad Khan,Moien Khan,Zeeshan Khan,Mahammed suheb,Shaghayegh Khanmohammadi,Khaled Khatab,Fatemeh Khatami,Haitham Khatatbeh,Moawiah Khatatbeh,Armin Khavandegar,Hamid Kashani,Feriha Khidri,Elaheh Khodadoust,Mohammad Khorgamphar,Moein Khormali,Zahra Khorrami,Ahmad Khosravi,Mohammad Khosravi,Zemene Kifle,Grace Kim,Jihee Kim,Kwanghyun Kim,Min Kim,Yun Kim,Ruth Kimokoti,Kasey Kinzel,Adnan Kısa,Sezer Kısa,Desmond Klu,Ann Knudsen,Jonathan Kocarnik,Sonali Kochhar,Timea Kocsis,David Koh,Ali‐Asghar Kolahi,Kairi Kõlves,Farzad Kompani,Gerbrand Koren,Soewarta Kosen,Karel Kostev,Parvaiz Koul,Sindhura Laxminarayana,Kewal Krishan,Hare Krishna,Varun Krishna,Vijay Krishnamoorthy,Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy,Kris Krohn,Barthelemy Defo,Burcu Biçer,Md Kuddus,Mohammed Kuddus,Ilari Kuitunen,Mukhtar Kulimbet,Vishnutheertha Kulkarni,Soleiman Mahjoub,Mansour Mahmoud,Alireza Mahmoudi,Elham Mahmoudi,Razzagh Mahmoudi,Azeem Majeed,Irsa Makhdoom,Elaheh Rad,Venkatesh Maled,Reza Malekzadeh,Armaan Malhotra,Kashish Malhotra,Ahmad Malik,Iram Malik,Déborah Malta,Abdullah Mamun,Pejman Mansouri,Mohammad Mansournia,Lorenzo Mantovani,Sajid Maqsood,Bishnu Marasini,Hamid Marateb,Joemer Maravilla,Agustina Marconi,Parham Mardi,Mirko Marino,Abdoljalal Marjani,Gabriel Martínez,Bernardo Martínez-Guerra,Ramón Martínez-Piedra,Daniela Martini,Santi Martini,Francisco Martins‐Melo,Miquel Martorell,Wolfgang Marx,Sharmeen Maryam,Roy Marzo,Anthony Masaka,Awoke Masrie,Stephanie Mathieson,Alexander Mathioudakis,Manu Mathur,Jishanth Mattumpuram,Richard Matzopoulos,Richard Maude,Andrea Maugeri,Pallab Maulik,Mahsa Mayeli,Maryam Mazaheri,Mohsen Mazidi,John McGrath,Martin McKee,Anna McKowen,S.B. McLaughlin,Steven McPhail,Enkeleint Mechili,John Medina,Rishi Mediratta,Jitendra Meena,Rahul Mehra,Kamran Mehrabani-Zeinabad,Entezar Nasab,Tesfahun Meto,Gebrekiros Meles,Max Mendez-Lopez,Walter Mendoza,Ritesh Menezes,Belayneh Mengist,Alexios-Fotios Mentis,Sultan Meo,Haftu Meresa,Atte Meretoja,Tuomo Meretoja,Abera Mersha,Bezawit Mesfin,Tomislav Meštrović,Chamila Mettananda,Sachith Mettananda,Peter Meylakhs,A. Mhlanga,Laurette Mhlanga,Tianyue Mi,Tomasz Miazgowski,Georgia Micha,Irmina Michałek,Ted Miller,Edward Mills,Le Minh,GK Mini,Pouya Sadeghi,Andreea Mirică,Biswa Nayak,Vinod Nayak,Athare Nazri-Panjaki,Rawlance Ndejjo,Sabina Nduaguba,Hadush Negash,Ionuț Negoi,Ruxandra Negoi,Șerban Negru,Seyed Nejadghaderi,Chakib Nejjari,Evangelia Nena,Samata Nepal,Marie Ng,Haruna Nggada,Georges Nguefack‐Tsague,Josephine Ngunjiri,Nguyen Anh,Dang Nguyen,Hung Nguyen,Phat Nguyen,Van Nguyen,Robina Niazi,Katie Nielsen,Yeshambel Nigatu,Τaxiarchis Νikolouzakis,Ali Nikoobar,Fatemeh Nikoomanesh,Amin Nikpoor,Dina Ningrum,Chukwudi Nnaji,Lawrence Nnyanzi,Efaq Noman,Shuhei Nomura,Mamoona Noreen,Nafise Noroozi,Bo Norrving,Jean Noubiap,Amanda Novotney,Chisom Nri-Ezedi,George Ntaios,Mpiko Ntsekhe,Virginia Núñez-Samudio,Dieta Nurrika,Jerry Nutor,Bogdan Oancea,Kehinde Obamiro,Mary Oboh,Ismail Odetokun,Nkechi Odogwu,Martin O’Donnell,Michael Oduro,Akinyemi Ofakunrin,Abiola Ogunkoya,Ayodipupo Oguntade,In‐Hwan Oh,Hassan Okati-Aliabad,Sylvester Okeke,Akinkunmi Okekunle,Osaretin Okonji,Andrew Olagunju,Muideen Olaiya,Matthew Olatubi,Gláucia Oliveira,Isaac Olufadewa,Bolajoko Olusanya,Jacob Olusanya,Yinka Oluwafemi,Hany Omar,Ahmed Bali,Goran Omer,Maureene Ondayo,Sokking Ong,Obinna Onwujekwe,Kenneth Onyedibe,Michał Ordak,Orish Orisakwe,Verner Orish,Doris Ortega-Altamirano,Alberto Ortíz,Wesam Osman,Samuel Ostroff,Uchechukwu Osuagwu,Adrian Oţoiu,Nikita Otstavnov,Stanislav Otstavnov,Amel Ouyahia,Guoqing Ouyang,Mayowa Owolabi,Yaz Ozten,Mehrdad Rad,Amir Radfar,Raghu Radhakrishnan,Venkatraman Radhakrishnan,Hadi Shahraki,Quinn Rafferty,Alberto Raggi,Pankaja Raghav,Nasiru Raheem,Fakher Rahim,Md Rahim,Vafa Rahimi‐Movaghar,Md. Rahman,Mohammad Rahman,Mosiur Rahman,Muhammad Rahman,Amir Rahmani,Shayan Rahmani,Vahid Rahmanian,Sathish Rajaa,Prashant Rajput,Ivo Rakovac,Shakthi Ramasamy,Sheena Ramazanu,Kritika Rana,Chhabi Ranabhat,Nemanja Rančić,Amey Rane,Chythra Rao,Indu Rao,M. Rao,Sowmya Rao,Drona Rasali,Davide Rasella,Sina Rashedi,Vahid Rashedi,Mohammad‐Mahdi Rashidi,Ashkan Rasouli-Saravani,Azad Rasul,Giridhara Babu,Santosh Rauniyar,Ramin Ravangard,N. Ravikumar,David Rawaf,Salman Rawaf,Lal Rawal,Reza Rawassizadeh,Bharat Rawlley,Rabail Raza,Christian Razo,Elrashdy Redwan,Faizan Rehman,Lennart Reifels,Robert Reiner,Giuseppe Remuzzi,Luis Reyes,Maryam Rezaei,Nazila Rezaei,Negar Rezaei,Mohsen Rezaeian,Taeho Rhee,Mavra Riaz,Antônio Ribeiro,Jennifer Rickard,Hannah Riva,Hannah Robinson-Oden,Célia Rodrigues,Mónica Rodrigues,Leonardo Roever,Emma Rogowski,Peter Rohloff,Debby Romadlon,Esperanza Romero‐Rodríguez,Michele Romoli,Luca Ronfani,Gholamreza Roshandel,Gregory Roth,Himanshu Rout,N. Roy,Priyanka Roy,Enrico Rubagotti,Guilherme Ruela,Susan Rumisha,Tilleye Runghien,Godfrey Rwegerera,Andrzej Rynkiewicz,S Chandan,Aly Saad,Zahra Saadatian,Korosh Saber,Maha Saber-Ayad,Morteza SaberiKamarposhti,Salman Shahid,Wajeehah Shahid,Hamid Shahsavari,Moyad Shahwan,Ahmed Shaikh,Masood Shaikh,Alireza Shakeri,Ali Shalash,Sunder Sham,Muhammad Shamim,Mehran Shams-Beyranvand,Hina Shamshad,Mohammad Shamsi,Mohd Shanawaz,Abhishek Shankar,Sadaf Sharfaei,Amin Sharifan,Javad Sharifi‐Rad,Rajesh Sharma,Saurab Sharma,Ujjawal Sharma,Vishal Sharma,Rajesh Shastry,Amin Shavandi,Maryam Shayan,Amr Shehabeldine,Aziz Sheikh,Rahim Sheikhi,Jiabin Shen,Adithi Shetty,B. Shetty,Pavanchand Shetty,Peng Shi,Kenji Shibuya,Desalegn Shiferaw,Mika Shigematsu,Min Shin,Lee Smith,Rahman Shiri,Reza Shirkoohi,Nebiyu Shitaye,Aminu Shittu,Ivy Shiue,K. Shivakumar,Velizar Shivarov,Farhad Shokraneh,Azad Shokri,Sina Shool,Seyed Shorofi,Sunil Shrestha,Kerem Shuval,Emmanuel Siddig,João Silva,Luís Silva,De Silva,Colin Simpson,Anjali Singal,Abhinav Singh,Balbir Singh,Garima Singh,Jasbir Singh,Narinder Singh,Paramdeep Singh,Surjit Singh,Dhirendra Sinha,Robert Sinto,Md Siraj,Sarah Sirota,Freddy Sitas,Shravan Sivakumar,Valentin Skryabin,Anna Skryabina,David Sleet,Bogdan Socea,Anton Sokhan,Ranjan Solanki,Shipra Solanki,Hamidreza Soleimani,Sameh Soliman,Suhang Song,Yimeng Song,Reed Sorensen,Joan Soriano,Ireneous Soyiri,Μichael Spartalis,Sandra Spearman,Chandrashekhar Sreeramareddy,Vijay Srivastava,Jeffrey Stanaway,Muhammad Stanikzai,Benjamin Stark,Joseph Starnes,Kang Tung,Stefanos Tyrovolas,Sayed Uddin,Aniefiok Udoakang,Arit Udoh,Atta Ullah,Irfan Ullah,Saeed Ullah,Sana Ullah,Srikanth Umakanthan,Chukwuma Umeokonkwo,Brigid Unim,Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan,Carolyn Unsworth,Era Upadhyay,Daniele Urso,Jibrin Usman,Seyed Vahabi,Asokan Vaithinathan,Rohollah Valizadeh,Sarah Velde,Jef Eynde,Orsolya Varga,Priya Vart,Shoban Varthya,Tommi Vasankari,Milena Vasić,Siavash Vaziri,Balachandar Vellingiri,Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian,Nicholas Verghese,Madhur Verma,Massimiliano Veroux,Georgios‐Ioannis Verras,Dominique Vervoort,Jorge Villafañe,Gabriela Villanueva,Manish Vinayak,Francesco Violante,Maria Viskadourou,Sergey Vladimirov,Vasily Vlassov,Bay Vo,Stein Vollset,Avina Vongpradith,Theo Vos,Isidora Vujcic,Rade Vuković,Hatem Wafa,Yasir Waheed,Richard Wamai,Cong Wang,Ning Wang,Shu Wang,Song Wang,Yanzhong Wang,Yuan‐Pang Wang,Muhammad Waqas,Paul Ward,Emebet Wassie,Stefanie Watson,Stephanie Watson,Kosala Weerakoon,Melissa Wei,Robert Weintraub,Daniel Weiss,Ronny Westerman,Joanna Whisnant,Taweewat Wiangkham,Dakshitha Wickramasinghe,Nuwan Wickramasinghe,Angga Wilandika,Caroline Wilkerson,Peter Willeit,Shadrach Wilson,Marcin Wojewodzic,Demewoz Woldegebreal,A. Wolf,Charles Wolfe,Yohannes Wondimagegene,Yen Wong,Utoomporn Wongsin,Aimin Wu,Chenkai Wu,Felicia Wu,Xinsheng Wu,Zhiyang Wu,Juan Xia,Hong Xiao,Yang Xie,Suowen Xu,Anil Kumar,Ashish Kumar,Harish Kumar,Manasi Kumar,Rakesh Kumar,Madhulata Kumari,Fantahun Kumie,Satyajit Kundu,Om Kurmi,Asep Kusnali,Dian Kusuma,Alexander Kwarteng,Ilias Kyriopoulos,Hmwe Kyu,Carlo Vecchia,Ben Lacey,Muhammad Ladan,Lucie Laflamme,Abraham Lagat,Anton Lager,Abdelilah Lahmar,Daphne Lai,Dharmesh Lal,Ratilal Lalloo,Tea Lallukka,Hilton Lam,Judit Lám,Kelsey Landrum,Francesco Lanfranchi,Justin Lang,Berthold Langguth,Van Lansingh,Ariane Laplante-Lévesque,Zahra Esfahani,Anders Larsson,Savita Lasrado,Zohra Lassi,Kamaluddin Latief,Kaveh Latifinaibin,Paolo Lauriola,Nguyen Le,Thao Le,Thanh Le,Caterina Ledda,Jorge Ledesma,Munjae Lee,Paul Lee,Seungwon Lee,Shaun Lee,Wei‐Chen Lee,Yo Lee,Kate LeGrand,J. Leigh,Elvynna Leong,Temesgen Lerango,Ming-Chieh Li,Wei Li,Xiaopan Li,Yichong Li,Zhihui Li,Virendra Ligade,Andrew Likaka,Lee-Ling Lim,Stephen Lim,Megan Lindstrom,Christine Linehan,George Liu,Gang Liu,Jue Liu,Run-Ben Liu,Shiwei Liu,Xiaofeng Liu,Xuefeng Li,Erand Llanaj,Michael Loftus,Rubén López‐Bueno,Platon Lopukhov,Arianna Loreche,Stefan Lorkowski,Paulo Lotufo,Rafael Lozano,Jailos Lubinda,Giancarlo Lucchetti,Alessandra Lugo,Raimundas Lunevičius,Zheng Feei,Kelsey Maass,Nikolaos Machairas,Monika Machoy,Farzan Madadizadeh,Christian Madsen,Áurea Madureira-Carvalho,Azzam Maghazachi,Sandeep Maharaj,Antonio Mirijello,Aibek Mirrakhimov,Mizan Mirutse,Maryam Mirzaei,Awoke Misganaw,Ashim Mishra,Sanjeev Misra,Philip Mitchell,Prasanna Mithra,Chaitanya Mittal,Mohammadreza Mobayen,Madeline Moberg,Jama Mohamed,Mouhand Mohamed,Nouh Mohamed,Sakineh Mohammad‐Alizadeh‐Charandabi,Soheil Mohammadi,Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani,Noushin Mohammadifard,Hassen Mohammed,Hussen Mohammed,Mustapha Mohammed,Salahuddin Mohammed,Shafiu Mohammed,Viswanathan Mohan,Hoda Mojiri-Forushani,Amin Mokari,Ali Mokdad,Sabrina Molinaro,Mariam Molokhia,Sara Momtazmanesh,Lorenzo Monasta,Stefania Mondello,Mohammad Moni,AmirAli Ghalibaf,Maryam Moradi,Yousef Moradi,Maziar Moradi‐Lakeh,Maliheh Moradzadeh,Paula Moraga,Lidia Morawska,Rafael Moreira,Negar Morovatdar,Shane Morrison,Jakub Morze,Jonathan Mosser,Rohith Motappa,Vincent Mougin,Simin Mouodi,Parvin Mousavi,Seyed Mousavi,Amin Khaneghah,Emmanuel Mpolya,Matías Mrejen,Sumaira Mubarik,Lorenzo Muccioli,U. Müeller,Faraz Mughal,Sumoni Mukherjee,Francesk Mulita,Kavita Munjal,Efrén Murillo‐Zamora,Fungai Musaigwa,Khaled Musallam,Ahmad Mustafa,Ghulam Mustafa,Muthupandian Saravanan,Raman Muthusamy,Muhammad Muzaffar,Woojae Myung,Ahamarshan Nagarajan,Gabriele Nagel,Pirouz Naghavi,Aliya Naheed,Ganesh Naik,Gurudatta Naik,Firzan Nainu,Sanjeev Nair,Hastyar Najmuldeen,Noureddin Ansari,Vinay Nangia,Atta Naqvi,Sreenivas Swamy,Aparna Narayana,Shumaila Nargus,Bruno Nascimento,Gustavo Nascimento,Samar Nasehi,Abdulqadir Nashwan,Zuhair Natto,Javaid Nauman,Muhammad Naveed,Mahesh A,Alicia Padrón‐Monedero,Jagadish Padubidri,Pramod Pal,Tamás Palicz,Claudia Palladino,Raffaele Palladino,Raúl Palma-Álvarez,Feng Pan,Huaping Pan,Adrian Pană,Paramjot Panda,Songhomitra Panda‐Jonas,Seithikurippu Pandi‐Perumal,Helena Pangaribuan,Georgios Panos,Leonidas Panos,Ioannis Pantazopoulos,Anca Stoian,Paraskevi Papadopoulou,Romil Parikh,Seoyeon Park,Ashwaghosha Parthasarathi,Ava Pashaei,Maja Pasovic,Roberto Passera,Deepak Pasupula,Hemal Patel,Jay Patel,Sangram Patel,Shankargouda Patil,Dimitrios Patoulias,Venkata Patthipati,Uttam Paudel,Hamidreza Toroudi,Spencer Pease,Amy Peden,Paolo Pedersini,Umberto Pensato,Veincent Pepito,Emmanuel Peprah,Prince Peprah,João Perdigão,Marcos Pereira,Mario Peres,Perianayagam Arokiasamy,Norberto Perico,Richard Pestell,Konrad Pesudovs,Fanny Petermann‐Rocha,William Petri,Huyen Pham,Anil Philip,Michael Phillips,Daniela Pierannunzio,Manon Pigeolet,David Pigott,Thomas Pilgrim,Zahra Piracha,Michael Piradov,Saeed Pirouzpanah,Nishad Plakkal,Evgenii Plotnikov,Vivek Podder,Dimitri Poddighe,Suzanne Polinder,Kevan Polkinghorne,Ramesh Poluru,Ville Ponkilainen,Fabio Porru,Maarten Postma,Govinda Poudel,Akram Pourshams,Naeimeh Pourtaheri,Sergio Prada,Pranil Pradhan,Thejeswar Prakasham,Manya Prasad,Akila Prashant,Elton Prates,D Alhambra,Tina Priscilla,Natalie Pritchett,Bharathi Purohit,Jagadeesh Puvvula,Nameer Qasim,Ibrahim Qattea,Asma Qazi,Gangzhen Qian,Shuang‐Jian Qiu,Maryam Qureshi,Siamak Sabour,Simona Sacco,Perminder Sachdev,Rajesh Sachdeva,Basema Saddik,Adam Saddler,Bashdar Sadee,Ehsan Sadeghi,Erfan Sadeghi,Farideh Sadeghian,Mohammad Saeb,Usman Saeed,Fahimeh Safaeinejad,Sher Safi,Rajesh Sagar,Amene Saghazadeh,Dominic Sagoe,Fatemeh Sharif‐Askari,Narjes Sharif‐Askari,Amirhossein Sahebkar,Soumya Sahoo,Umakanta Sahoo,Monalisha Sahu,Zahra Saif,Mirza Sajid,Joseph Sakshaug,Nasir Salam,Payman Salamati,Afeez Salami,Luciane Salaroli,Mohamed Saleh,Sana Salehi,Marwa Salem,Mona Salem,Sohrab Salimi,Hossein Kafil,Sara Samadzadeh,Saad Samargandy,Yoseph Samodra,Abdallah Samy,Juan Sanabria,Francesca Sanna,Damian Santomauro,Itamar Santos,Milena Santric-Milicevic,Bruno José,Made Sarasmita,Sivan Saraswathy,Aswini Saravanan,Babak Saravi,Yaser Sarikhani,Tanmay Sarkar,Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suárez,Gargi Sarode,Sachin Sarode,Arash Sarveazad,Brijesh Sathian,Thirunavukkarasu Sathish,Maheswar Satpathy,Abu Sayeed,Md. Sayeed,Mete Şaylan,Mehdi Sayyah,Nikolaos Scarmeas,Benedikt Schaarschmidt,Markus Schlaich,Winfried Schlee,María Schmidt,Ione Schneider,Art Schuermans,Austin Schumacher,Aletta Schutte,Michaël Schwarzinger,David Schwebel,Falk Schwendicke,Mario Šekerija,Siddharthan Selvaraj,Sabyasachi Senapati,Subramanian Senthilkumaran,Sadaf Sepanlou,Dragos Serban,Yashendra Sethi,Feng Sha,Maryam Shabany,Arefeh Shafaat,Mahan Shafie,Nilay Shah,Pritik Shah,Syed Shah,Saeed Shahabi,Ataollah Shahbandi,Izza Shahid,A. Starodubova,Caroline Stein,Dan Stein,Fridolin Steinbeis,Caitlyn Steiner,Jaimie Steinmetz,Paschalis Steiropoulos,Aleksandar Stevanović,Leo Stockfelt,Mark Stokes,Stefan Stortecky,Vetriselvan Subramaniyan,Muhammad Suleman,Rizwan Abdulkader,Abida Sultana,Zhe Sun,Jing Sun,Johan Sundström,David Sunkersing,Katharina Sunnerhagen,Chandan Swain,Łukasz Szarpak,Mindy Szeto,Miklós Szócska,Payam Damavandi,Rafael Tabarés‐Seisdedos,Seyyed Tabatabaei,Ozra Malazy,Seyed‐Amir Tabatabaeizadeh,Shima Tabatabai,Mohammad Tabish,Jyothi Tadakamadla,Santosh Tadakamadla,Yasaman Abkenar,Moslem Soodejani,Jabeen Taiba,K. Takahashi,Iman Talaat,Ashis Talukder,Mircea Tampa,Jacques Tamuzi,Ker‐Kan Tan,Sarmila Tandukar,Haosu Tang,Hong Tang,Ingan Tarigan,Mengistie Tariku,Md. Tariqujjaman,Elvis Tarkang,Razieh Oliaee,Seyed Tavangar,Nuno Taveira,Yibekal Tefera,Mohamad‐Hani Temsah,Reem Temsah,Masayuki Teramoto,Riki Tesler,Enoch Teye‐Kwadjo,Rishu Thakur,Pugazhenthan Thangaraju,Kavumpurathu Thankappan,Samar Tharwat,Rasiah Thayakaran,Nihal Thomas,Nikhil Thomas,Azalea Thomson,Amanda Thrift,C. Thum,Lau Thygesen,Jinhui Tian,Aleš Tichopád,Jansje Ticoalu,Tala Tillawi,Tenaw Tiruye,Mariya Titova,Marcello Tonelli,Roman Topór‐Mądry,Adetunji Toriola,Anna Torre,Mathilde Touvier,Marcos Tovani‐Palone,Jasmine Tran,Nghia Tran,Domenico Tricò,Samuel Tromans,Thien Truyen,Aristidis Tsatsakis,Guesh Tsegay,Evangelia Tsermpini,Munkhtuya Tumurkhuu,Wang‐Dong Xu,Xiaoyue Xu,Yvonne Xu,Ali Yadollahpour,Kazumasa Yamagishi,Danting Yang,Lin Yang,Yuichiro Yano,Yao Yao,Habib Yaribeygi,Pengpeng Ye,Sisay Yehualashet,Metin Yeşiltepe,Subah Yesuf,Saber Yezli,Siyan Yi,Amanuel Yigezu,Arzu Yiğit,Vahit Yiğit,Paul Yip,Malede Yismaw,Yazachew Yismaw,Dong Yon,Naohiro Yonemoto,Seok-Jun Yoon,Yuyi You,Mustafa Younis,Zabihollah Yousefi,Chuanhua Yu,Yu Yan,Faith Yuh,Siddhesh Zadey,Vesna Zadnik,Nima Zafari,Fathiah Zakham,Nazar Zaki,Sojib Zaman,Nelson Zamora,Ramin Zand,Moein Zangiabadian,Heather Zar,Iman Zare,Armin Zarrintan,Mohammed Zeariya,Zahra Zeinali,Jintao Zhang,Jianrong Zhang,Jingya Zhang,Liqun Zhang,Yunquan Zhang,Zhijiang Zhang,Hanqing Zhao,Chenwen Zhong,Juexiao Zhou,Bin Zhu,Liguo Zhu,Makan Ziafati,Magdalena Zielińska,Osama Zitoun,Mohammad Zoladl,Zhiyong Zou,Liesl Zühlke,Alimuddin Zumla,Elric Zweck,Samer Zyoud,Eve Wool