Abstract We present a multi-layered data source (ROUA Database) providing the results of Whole Genome Sequencing of two human populations in the Carpathian Mountains region, specifically Ukraine’s Transcarpathia and Romania’s Satu Mare and Baia Mare provinces, areas previously underexplored in population genomics. The database contains the raw and annotated files of the whole genome sequences from 300 individuals from these regions, including annotations of common and unique genetic variants following a sampling protocol designed to capture the genetic diversity of Ukrainians and Romanians, including minority groups like Wallachians and Roma. The data is hosted on a dedicated web resource. We provide information on how to access to results of primary and secondary analysis of the data, including comparative analysis with previously published populations from Ukraine, and populations from International Genome Sample Resource and Human Genome Diversity Project. The free research access to this database is contributing to growing understanding of human genetic diversity in Central Europe. This effort emphasizes the potential for reuse of the generated data, advocating for open access to support future research in genomics, bioinformatics, and personalized medicine.

ROUA Database: 300 Human Genomes from the border of Ukraine and Romania