Abstract

Abstract Chronic pancreatitis dramatically increases the risk of pancreatic cancer, the 4th deadliest malignancy in the US. KRAS mutations, the predominant genetic lesion found in pancreatic cancer, are detectable in 30% of patients with chronic pancreatitis. We previously found that calorie restriction (CR) protected against the tumorigenic effects of chronic pancreatitis in the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-driven (BK5.COX-2) transgenic mouse model of pancreatic cancer. The protection conferred by CR was associated with dramatically reduced circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, an established mitogen in a variety of cancer cell lines. We hypothesized that circulating IGF-1 levels have a crucial role in tumor progression in both pancreatitis- and KRAS-induced pancreatic cancer. To test this, mouse pancreatic cancer cells derived from either a BK5.COX-2 transgenic mouse (JC101) or a KrasG12D/INK4a+/− mouse (NB508) were orthotopically transplanted in liver-specific IGF-1-deficient (LID, n=16 per cell line) and wild-type (WT, n=11 per cell line) mice. LID mice were randomized to receive Alzet miniature osmotic pumps (implanted subcutaneously) continuously infusing either vehicle (n=8) or 1 µg/hr of recombinant human IGF-1 (rhIGF-1, Increlex®, Tercica, Inc., Brisbane, CA; n=8). WT mice were infused with vehicle. Mice were euthanized 28 days after tumor and pump implantation, and blood was collected and tumors were weighed and fixed in 10% normal buffered formalin. Immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 was performed on paraffin-embedded tumors to assess proliferation. In LID mice serum IGF-1 levels were reduced approximately 70% relative to WT (p<0.05), while infusion of rhIGF-1 resulted in total serum IGF-1 levels (murine plus rhIGF-1) exceeding those in LID and WT mice. Insulin levels were higher in LID mice (p<0.01), relative to WT, but administration of rhIGF-1 reduced insulin to levels comparable to WT. Genetic reduction of circulating IGF-1 in LID mice reduced JC101 tumor burden by 60% (p<0.05) and NB508 tumor burden by 75% (p<0.05), relative to tumors in WT mice. Administration of rhIGF-1 to LID mice restored tumor burden to levels comparable to that of WT mice. Tumors from LID mice also displayed lower expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 than tumors from WT mice or LID mice administered rhIGF-1. We conclude that reduction of circulating IGF-1 inhibits pancreatic cancer driven by alterations in two common but distinct protumorigenic pathways (chronic inflammation and KRAS alterations), and underscores the potential of IGF-1 pathway inhibition for prevention and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Work supported by NIH grants R25T CA57730 and CA135386. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2883.