Abstract

Abstract Aims The extent of perihematomal edema following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) significantly impacts patient prognosis, and disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) exacerbates perihematomal edema. However, the role of peripheral IL‐10 in mitigating BBB disruption through pathways that link peripheral and central nervous system signals remains poorly understood. Methods Recombinant IL‐10 was administered to ICH model mice via caudal vein injection, an IL‐10‐inhibiting adeno‐associated virus and an IL‐10 receptor knockout plasmid were delivered intraventricularly, and neurobehavioral deficits, perihematomal edema, BBB disruption, and the expression of JAK1 and STAT3 were evaluated. Results Our study demonstrated that the peripheral cytokine IL‐10 mitigated BBB breakdown, perihematomal edema, and neurobehavioral deficits after ICH and that IL‐10 deficiency reversed these effects, likely through the IL‐10R/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. Conclusions Peripheral IL‐10 has the potential to reduce BBB damage and perihematomal edema following ICH and improve patient prognosis.