The ever-increasing demands for high-yield, superior crops have led to a heightened need for high-quality seeds, thus driving the robust development of the global seed sorting machine market. This paper designs a new type of seed sorting equipment that adopts advanced technologies such as near-infrared spectroscopy. By utilizing a vertical centrifugation device, the equipment achieves high-throughput seeding, not only improving the efficiency of single grain seed sorting but also significantly enhancing seed detection accuracy. This equipment offers an efficient solution that is expected to provide a reference for high-throughput, high-precision seed sorting. Moreover, the versatility and high-performance of this device can aid in achieving long-term goals of increasing crop yields and reducing waste, thereby addressing the problem of high initial investment costs.