Abstract

We previously proposed a bipartite 'dorsal-ventral' model of human arcuate fasciculus (AF) morphology. This model does not, however, account for the 'vertical,' temporoparietal subdivision of the AF described in earlier dissection and tractographic studies. In an effort to address the absence of the vertical AF (VAF) within the 'dorsal-ventral' model, we conducted a dedicated tractographic and white-matter dissection study of this tract and another short, vertical, posterior-hemispheric fascicle: the vertical occipital fasciculus (VOF). We conducted atlas-based, non-tensor, deterministic tractography in 30 single subjects from the Human Connectome Project database and verified our results using an average diffusion atlas comprising 842 separate normal subjects. We also performed white-matter dissection in 4 cadaveric hemispheres. Our tractographic results demonstrate that the VAF is in fact a bipartite system connecting the ventral-parietal and ventral-temporal regions, with variable connective and no volumetric lateralization. The VOF is a non-lateralized, non-segmented system connecting lateral occipital areas with basal-temporal regions. Importantly, the VOF was distinctly dissociated from the VAF. As the VAF demonstrates no overall connective or volumetric lateralization, we postulate its distinction from the AF system and propose its re-naming to the 'parietal aslant tract,' (PAT) with unique dorsal and ventral subdivisions. Our tractography results were supported by diffusion atlas and white matter dissection findings.