Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors
Christopher Murray,
Aleksandr AravkinPeng Jia,
Cristiana Abbafati,
Kaja Abbas,
Mohsen Abbasi‐Kangevari,
Foad Abd-Allah,
Ahmed Abdelalim,
Mohammad Abdollahi,
Ibrahim Abdollahpour,
Kedir Abegaz,
Hassan Abolhassani,
Victor Adekanmbi,
Lucas Abreu,
Michael Abrigo,
Ahmed Abualhasan,
Laith Abu‐Raddad,
Abdelrahman Abushouk,
Maryam Adabi,
Abiodun Adeoye,
Olatunji Adetokunboh,
Davoud Adham,
Teklehaimanot Haile,
Gina Agarwal,
Seyed Aghamir,
Anurag Agrawal,
Tauseef Ahmad,
Keivan Ahmadi,
Mehdi Ahmadi,
Hamid Ahmadieh,
Muktar Ahmed,
Temesgen Akalu,
Rufus Akinyemi,
Tomi Akinyemiju,
Blessing Akombi-Inyang,
Chisom Akunna,
Fares Alahdab,
Ziyad Al‐Aly,
Khurshid Alam,
Shazia Alam,
Tahiya Alam,
Fahad Alanezi,
Turki Alanzi,
Biresaw Wassihun,
Khalid Alhabib,
Muhammad Ali,
Saqib Ali,
Gianfranco Alicandro,
Ahmad Alfaar,
Vahid Yazdi‐Feyzabadi,
Hesam Alizade,
Syed Aljunid,
François Alla,
Peter Allebeck,
Amir Almasi‐Hashiani,
Hesham Al‐Mekhlafi,
Jordi Alonso,
Khalid Altirkawi,
Mostafa Amini‐Rarani,
Fatemeh Amiri,
Dickson Amugsi,
Robert Ancuceanu,
Deanna Anderlini,
Jason Anderson,
Cătălina Andrei,
Tudorel Andrei,
Colin Angus,
Mina Anjomshoa,
Fereshteh Ansari,
Sahar Moghaddam,
Ippazio Antonazzo,
Giancarlo Cesana,
Eman Abu‐Gharbieh,
Ernoiz Antriyandarti,
Davood Anvari,
Razique Anwer,
Seth Appiah,
Jalal Arabloo,
Morteza Arab‐Zozani,
Filippo Ariani,
Bahram Armoon,
Johan Ärnlöv,
Afsaneh Arzani,
Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi,
Ali Asadi‐Pooya,
Charlie Ashbaugh,
Michael Assmus,
Zahra Atafar,
Desta Atnafu,
Maha Atout,
Floriane Ausloos,
Marcel Ausloos,
Beatriz Quintanilla,
Getinet Ayano,
Martin Ayanore,
Samad Azari,
Ghasem Azarian,
Zelalem Azene,
Alaa Badawi,
Ashish Badiye,
Mohammad Bahrami,
Mohammad Heydari,
Ahad Bakhtiari,
Shankar Bakkannavar,
Alberto Baldasseroni,
Kylie Ball,
Shoshana Ballew,
Daniela Balzi,
Maciej Banach,
Srikanta Banerjee,
Agegnehu Bante,
Gebre Demoz,
Suzanne Barker‐Collo,
Till Bärnighausen,
Lope Barrero,
Celine Barthelemy,
Lingkan Barua,
Sanjay Basu,
Bernhard Baune,
Mohsen Bayati,
Jacob Becker,
Neeraj Bedi,
Ettore Beghi,
Yannick Béjot,
Michellr Bell,
Fiona Bennitt,
Isabela Benseñor,
Kidanemaryam Berhe,
Adam Berman,
Akshaya Bhagavathula,
Bhageerathy Reshmi,
Neeraj Bhala,
Dinesh Bhandari,
Krittika Bhattacharyya,
Zulfiqar Bhutta,
Ali Bijani,
Boris Bikbov,
Muhammad Sayeed,
Antonio Biondi,
Binyam Birhane,
Catherine Bisignano,
Raaj Biswas,
Helen Bitew,
Somayeh Bohlouli,
Mehdi Bohluli,
Alexandra Boon-Dooley,
Guilherme Borges,
Antonio Borzì,
Shiva Borzouei,
Cristina Bosetti,
Soufiane Boufous,
Dejana Braithwaite,
Nicholas Breitborde,
Susanne Breitner,
Hermann Brenner,
Paul Briant,
Andrey Briko,
Н. Брико,
Gabrielle Britton,
Dana Bryazka,
Blair Bumgarner,
Katrin Burkart,
Richard Burnett,
Sharath Nagaraja,
Zahid Butt,
Florentino Santos,
Leah Cahill,
Luis Cámera,
Ismael Campos‐Nonato,
Rosario Cárdenas,
Giulia Carreras,
Juan Carrero,
Félix Carvalho,
João Castaldelli-Maia,
Carlos Castañeda-Orjuela,
Giulio Castelpietra,
Franz Castro,
Kate Causey,
Christopher Cederroth,
Kelly Cercy,
Ester Cerin,
Joht Chandan,
Kai‐Lan Chang,
Fiona Charlson,
Vijay Chattu,
Sarika Chaturvedi,
Nicolas Cherbuin,
Odgerel Chimed‐Ochir,
Daniel Cho,
Jee-Young Choi,
Hanne Christensen,
Dinh‐Toi Chu,
Michael Chung,
Sheng‐Chia Chung,
F. Cicuttini,
Liliana Ciobanu,
Massimo Círillo,
Thomas Claßen,
Kelly Compton,
O. Cooper,
Vera Costa,
Ewerton Cousin,
Richard Cowden,
Di Cross,
Jessica Fanzo,
Saad Dahlawi,
Albertino Damasceno,
Giovanni Damiani,
Lalit Dandona,
Rakhi Dandona,
William Dangel,
Anna‐Karin Danielsson,
Paul Dargan,
Aso Darwesh,
Ahmad Daryani,
Jai Das,
Rajat Gupta,
José Neves,
Claudio Dávila-Cervantes,
Dragoş Daviţoiu,
Leo Stockfelt,
Louisa Degenhardt,
Marissa DeLang,
Feleke Demeke,
Desalegn Demsie,
Edgar Denova‐Gutiérrez,
Nikolaos Dervenis,
Govinda Dhungana,
Mostafa Dianatinasab,
Diana Silva,
Daniel Díaz,
Zahra Forooshani,
Shirin Djalalinia,
Hoa Do,
Клара Докова,
Fariba Dorostkar,
Leila Doshmangir,
Tim Driscoll,
Bruce Duncan,
André Durães,
Arielle Eagan,
David Edvardsson,
Nevine Nahas,
Iman Sayed,
Maha Tantawi,
Iffat Elbarazi,
Islam Elgendy,
Shaimaa El-Jaafary,
Iqbal Elyazar,
Sophia Emmons‐Bell,
Holly Erskine,
Sharareh Eskandarieh,
Saman Esmaeilnejad,
Alireza Esteghamati,
Kara Estep,
Arash Etemadi,
Atkilt Etisso,
Mohammad Farahmand,
Mohammad Fareed,
Roghiyeh Faridnia,
Andrea Farioli,
André Faro,
Mithila Faruque,
Farshad Farzadfar,
Nazir Fattahi,
Mehdi Fazlzadeh,
Valery Feigin,
Rachel Feldman,
Seyed‐Mohammad Fereshtehnejad,
Eduarda Fernandes,
Giannina Ferrara,
Alize Ferrari,
Manuela Ferreira,
Irina Filip,
Florian Fischer,
James Fisher,
Luísa Flor,
Kyle Foreman,
Morẹ́nikẹ́ Foláyan,
Artem Fomenkov,
Lisa Force,
Masoud Foroutan,
Richard Franklin,
Marisa Freitas,
Weijia Fu,
Takeshi Fukumoto,
João Furtado,
Mohamed Gad,
Emmanuela Gakidou,
Silvano Gallus,
Alberto García‐Basteiro,
William Gardner,
М. Титова,
Assefa Gebreslassie,
Abraham Geremew,
Anna Hayoon,
Peter Gething,
Maryam Ghadimi,
Keyghobad Ghadiri,
Fatemeh Ghaffarifar,
Mansour Ghafourifard,
Farhad Ghamari,
Ahmad Ghashghaee,
Hesam Ghiasvand,
Nermin Ghith,
Asadollah Gholamian,
Rakesh Ghosh,
Paramjit Gill,
Themba Ginindza,
Giorgia Giussani,
E. Gnedovskaya,
Salime Goharinezhad,
Sameer Gopalani,
Giuseppe Gorini,
Houman Goudarzi,
Alessandra Goulart,
Felix Greaves,
Michal Grivna,
Giuseppe Grosso,
Mohammed Gubari,
H. Gugnani,
Rafael Guimarães,
Rashid Guled,
Gaorui Guo,
Yuming Guo,
Rajeev Gupta,
Tarun Gupta,
Beatrix Haddock,
Nima Hafezi‐Nejad,
Hafiz Suleria,
Arvin Haj‐Mirzaian,
Arya Haj‐Mirzaian,
Brian Hall,
Iman Halvaei,
Randah Hamadeh,
Samer Hamidi,
Melanie Hammer,
Graeme Hankey,
Hamidreza Haririan,
Josep Haro,
Ahmed Hasaballah,
Md. Hasan,
Edris Hasanpoor,
Abdiwahab Hashi,
Soheil Hassanipour,
Hadi Hassankhani,
Rasmus Havmoeller,
Simon Hay,
Khezar Hayat,
Golnaz Heidari,
Reza Heidari‐Soureshjani,
Hannah Henrikson,
Molly Herbert,
Claudiu Herţeliu,
Fatemeh Heydarpour,
Thomas Hird,
Hans Kromhout,
Ramesh Holla,
Praveen Hoogar,
H. Hosgood,
Naznin Hossain,
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Mehdi Hosseinzadeh,
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Sorin Hostiuc,
Mowafa Househ,
Mohamed Hsaïri,
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Guoqing Hu,
Kejia Hu,
Tanvir Huda,
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Segun Ibitoye,
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Júlia Pescarini,
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Spencer James,
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Panniyammakal Jeemon,
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Rizwan Kalani,
Leila Kalankesh,
Rohollah Kalhor,
Tanuj Kanchan,
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Mohd Karim,
Getachew Kassa,
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Gbenga Kayode,
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Om Kurmi,
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M Mahdavi,
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Muktar Omer,
Sok Ong,
Obinna Onwujekwe,
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Alberto Ortíz,
Osayomwanbo Osarenotor,
Frank Osei,
Samuel Ostroff,
Nikita Otstavnov,
Stanislav Otstavnov,
Simon Øverland,
Mayowa Owolabi,
P Mahesh,
Jagadish Padubidri,
Raffaele Palladino,
Anamika Pandey,
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Maja Pasovic,
Deepak Pasupula,
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Mona Pathak,
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George Patton,
Hamidreza Pazoki–Toroudi,
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Alyssa Pennini,
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Emmanuel Peprah,
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Konrad Pesudovs,
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М. Пирадов,
Meghdad Pirsaheb,
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Suzanne Polinder,
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Constance Pond,
Maarten Postma,
Hadi Pourjafar,
Farshad Pourmalek,
Anna Poznańska,
Sergio Prada,
V. Prakash,
Dimas Pribadi,
Elisabetta Pupillo,
Quazi Zahiruddin,
Mohammad Rabiee,
Navid Manafi,
Amir Radfar,
Ata Rafiee,
Alberto Raggi,
Muhammad Rahman,
Ali Rajabpour-Sanati,
Fatemeh Rajati,
Ivo Rakovac,
Pradhum Ram,
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Chhabi Ranabhat,
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Christian Razo,
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Robert Reiner,
Marissa Reitsma,
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Serge Resnikoff,
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Daniela Ribeiro,
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Ehsan Sadeghi,
Masoumeh Sadeghi,
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Saeid Safiri,
Rajesh Sagar,
Amirhossein Sahebkar,
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Joshua Salomon,
Zainab Samad,
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Rafael Tabarés‐Seisdedos,
Falk Schwendicke,
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Aimin Wu,
Junjie Wu,
Sarah Lewington,
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Rixing Xu,
Simon Yadgir,
Seyed Jabbari,
Kazumasa Yamagishi,
Mousa Yaminfirooz,
Yuichiro Yano,
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Tomas Yeheyis,
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Mustafa Younis,
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Bahman Yousefi,
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Telma Moghadam,
Mohammad Zamani,
Maryam Zamanian,
Hamed Zandian,
Михаил Застрожин,
Yunquan Zhang,
Zhi‐Jiang Zhang,
Jeff Zhao,
Xiu‐Ju Zhao,
Yingxi Zhao,
Maigeng Zhou,
Arash Ziapour,
Stephanie Zimsen,
Michael Bräuer,
Ashkan Afshin,
Stephen Lim +912 authors
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