Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in patients with life-threatening COVID-19

Qian Zhang,Eleftherios Michailidis,Hans-Heinrich Hoffmann,Yu Zhang,Karim Dorgham,Quentin Philippot,Jérémie Rosain,Vivien Béziat,Jérémy Manry,Elana Shaw,Liis Haljasmägi,Pärt Peterson,Lazaro Lorenzo,Lucy Bizien,Sophie Trouillet‐Assant,Kerry Dobbs,Adriana Jesus,Alexandre Bélot,Anne Kallaste,Émilie Catherinot,Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte,Jérémie Pen,Gaspard Kerner,Benedetta Bigio,Yoann Seeleuthner,Rui Yang,Alexandre Bolze,András Spaan,Ottavia Delmonte,Michael Abers,Alessandro Aiuti,Giorgio Casari,Vito Lampasona,Lorenzo Piemonti,Fabio Ciceri,Kaya Bilgüvar,Richard Lifton,Marc Vasse,David Smadja,Mélanie Migaud,Jérôme Hadjadj,Benjamin Terrier,Darragh Duffy,Lluís Quintana‐Murci,Diederik Beek,Lucie Roussel,Donald Vinh,Stuart Tangye,Filomeen Haerynck,David Dalmau,Javier Martínez‐Picado,Petter Brodin,Michel Nussenzweig,Stéphanie Boisson‐Dupuis,Carlos Rodríguez‐Gallego,Guillaume Vogt,Trine Mogensen,Andrew Oler,Jingwen Gu,Peter Burbelo,Jeffrey Cohen,Andrea Biondi,Laura Bettini,Mariella D’Angiò,Paolo Bonfanti,Patrick Rossignol,Julien Mayaux,Frédéric Rieux‐Laucat,Eystein Husebye,Francesca Fusco,Matilde Ursini,Luisa Imberti,Alessandra Renieri,Simone Paghera,Eugenia Quirós-Roldán,D.R. Darley,Riccardo Castagnoli,Daniela Montagna,Amelia Licari,Gian Marseglia,Xavier Solanich,Jade Ghosn,John Tsang,Raphaela Goldbach‐Mansky,Kai Kisand,Michail Lionakis,Anne Puel,Shen‐Ying Zhang,Steven Holland,Guy Gorochov,Emmanuelle Jouanguy,Charles Rice,Aurélie Cobat,Luigi Notarangelo,Laurent Abel,Helen Su,Jean‐Laurent Casanova,Andrés Arias,Bertrand Boisson,Soraya Boucherit,Jacinta Bustamante,Marwa Chbihi,Jie Chen,Maya Chrabieh,Tatiana Kochetkov,Tom Voyer,Dana Liu,Yelena Nemirovskaya,Masato Ogishi,Dominick Papandrea,Cécile Patissier,Franck Rapaport,Manon Roynard,Natasha Vladikine,Mark Woollett,Peng Zhang,Anuj Kashyap,Li Ding,Marita Bosticardo,Qinlu Wang,Sebastian Ochoa,Hui Liu,Samuel Chauvin,Michael Stack,Galina Koroleva,Neha Bansal,Clifton Dalgard,Andrew Snow,Jorge Abad,Sergio Aguilera,Özge Akcan,Ilad Darazam,Juan Aldave,Miquel Ramos,Seyed Nadji,Gülsüm Alkan,Jérôme Allardet-Servent,Luís Allende,Laia Alsina,Marie‐Alexandra Alyanakian,Blanca Amador-Borrero,Zahir Amoura,Arnau Antolí,Şevket Arslan,Sophie Assant,Teresa Auguet,Axelle Azot,Fanny Bajolle,Aurélie Baldolli,Maite Ballester,Hagit Feldman,B. Barrou,Delphine Sterlin,Agurtzane Bilbao,Geraldine Blanchard‐Rohner,Ignacio Blanco,Adeline Blandinières,Daniel Blázquez‐Gamero,Markéta Bloomfield,Mireia Bolívar-Prados,Raphaël Borie,Ahmed Bousfiha,Anna Nordenström,Oksana Boyarchuk,Maria Passos‐Bueno,Juan Agra,Semra Calimli,Ruggero Capra,Maria Carrabba,Carlos Casasnovas,Marion Caseris,Martin Castelle,Francesco Castelli,Martín Vera,Mateus Castro,Martin Chalumeau,Bruno Charbit,Suzanne Bennett,Père Clavé,Bonaventura Clotet,Anna Codina,Fatih Çölkesen,Fatma Çölkesen,Roger Colobrán,Cloé Comarmond,Angelo Corsico,Nicolás Dauby,Stéphane Dauger,Loïc Pontual,Amin Dehban,Geoffroy Delplancq,Alexandre Demoule,Antonio Sabatino,Jean‐Luc Diehl,Stephanie Dobbelaere,Sophie Durand,Waleed Eldars,Mohamed Elgamal,Marwa Elnagdy,Melike Emiroğlu,Emine Erdeniz,Selma Aytekin,Romain Euvrard,Recep Evcen,Fabio Gavarini,Laurence Faivre,Antonin Falck,Muriel Fartoukh,Morgane Faure,Miguel Fernández‐Arquero,Carlos Flores,Bruno François,Victòria Fumadó,Pascale Gaussem,Juana Gil-Herrera,Laurent Gilardin,Monica Alarcon,Mònica Girona‐Alarcón,Jean‐Christophe Goffard,Funda Gök,Rafaela González-Montelongo,Antoine Guerder,Yahya Gül,Şükrü Güner,Marta Gut,Rabih Halwani,Lennart Hammarström,Nevin Hatipoğlu,Elisa Hernández-Brito,M.S. Peña,Juan Horcajada,Sami Hraiech,L. Humbert,Alejandro Iglesias,Antonio Íñigo-Campos,Matthieu Jamme,Maria Arranz,Iolanda Jordán,Fikret Kanat,Hasan Kapaklı,Iskender Kara,Adem Karbuz,Kadriye Yaşar,Sevgi Keleş,Yasemin Demirkol,Adam Klocperk,Zbigniew Król,Paul Kuentz,Mike Kwan,Jean‐Christophe Lagier,YL Lau,Fleur Bourgeois,Yee‐Sin Leo,Rafael León‐López,Daniel Leung,Michael Levin,Michaël Levy,Romain Lévy,Zhi Li,Agnès Linglart,José Lorenzo-Salazar,Céline Louapre,Catherine Lubetzki,Charles Burdet,David Lye,Davood Mansouri,Majid Marjani,Jesus Pereira,Andrea Martín‐Nalda,David Pueyo,Iciar Marzana,Julien Haroche,Larissa Matos,Gail Matthews,Jean‐Louis Mège,Isabelle Melki,Jean‐François Méritet,Isabelle Meyts,Mehdi Mezidi,Isabelle Migeotte,Maude Millereux,Tristan Mirault,Clotilde Mircher,Mehdi Mirsaeidi,Abián Melián,Antonio Martínez,Pierre‐Emmanuel Morange,C. Mordacq,Guillaume Morelle,Stéphane Mouly,Adrián Muñoz‐Barrera,Cyril Nafati,João Neves,Lisa Ng,Yeray Medina,Esmeralda Cuadros,J. Ocejo‐Vinyals,Zerrin Orbak,Mehdi Oualha,Tayfun Özçelık,Qiang Pan‐Hammarström,Christophe Parizot,Tiffany Pascreau,José Aguado,Rebeca Diego,Aurélien Philippe,Laura Planas‐Serra,Dominique Ploin,Julien Poissy,Géraldine Poncelet,Marie Pouletty,Paul Quentric,Didier Raoult,Anne‐Sophie Rebillat,İsmail Reisli,Pilar Ricart,Jean‐Christophe Richard,Nadia Rivet,Jacques Rivière,Gemma Blanch,Carlos Rodrigo,Agustí Rodríguez‐Palmero,Carolina Romero,Anya Rothenbühler,Flore Rozenberg,Maria Prado,Joan Sabater‐Riera,Olivier Sanchez,Silvia Sánchez‐Ramón,Agatha Schlüter,Matthieu Schmidt,Cyril Schweitzer,Francesco Scolari,Anna Šedivá,Luis Seijó,Damien Sène,Sevtap Şenoğlu,Mikko Seppänen,Alex Ilovich,Mohammad Shahrooei,Ali Sobh,Jordi Solé‐Violán,Catherine Soler,Pere Soler‐Palacín,Yuriy Stepanovskiy,Annabelle Stoclin,Fabio Taccone,Jean‐Luc Taupin,Simon Tavernier,C. Thumerelle,Gabriele Tomasoni,Julie Toubiana,José Lorente,Jesús Troya,Alessandra Tucci,Y. Uzunhan,P. Vabres,Juan Valencia-Ramos,Ana Rym,Isabelle Vandernoot,Hülya Vatansev,Valentina Vélez-Santamaría,Sébastien Viel,C Vilain,Marie Vilaire,Audrey Vincent,Guillaume Voiriot,Fanny Vuotto,Yosunkaya Alper,Barnaby Young,Fatih Yücel,Faı̈ez Zannad,Mayana Zatz,Giuseppe Foti,Giacomo Bellani,Giuseppe Citerio,Ernesto Contro,Alberto Pesci,Maria Valsecchi,Marina Cazzaniga,Christine Bôle‐Feysot,Stanislas Lyonnet,Cécile Masson,Patrick Nitschké,Aurore Pouliet,Yoann Schmitt,Frédéric Torès,Mohammed Zarhrate,Claire Andréjak,François Angoulvant,Delphine Bachelet,Romain Basmaci,Sylvie Behillil,Marine Beluze,Dehbia Benkerrou,Krishna Bhavsar,François Bompart,Lila Bouadma,Maude Bouscambert,Mireille Caralp,Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez,Anissa Chair,Alexandra Coelho,Camille Couffignal,Sandrine Couffin-Cadièrgues,Arie Fatoni,Charlène Silveira,Marie‐Pierre Debray,Dominique Deplanque,Diane Descamps,Mathilde Desvallées,Alpha Diallo,Alphonsine Diouf,Céline Dorival,François Dubos,Philippine Eloy,Vincent Enouf,Hélène Espérou,Marina Esposito-Farèse,Manuel Etienne,Alberto Cucino,Nathalie Gault,Alexandre Gaymard,Susanne Dudman,Isabelle Gorenne,Jérémie Guedj,Alexandre Hoctin,Isabelle Hoffmann,Salma Jaafoura,Ouifiya Kafif,Florentia Kaguelidou,Sabina Kali,Antoine Khalil,Coralie Khan,Cédric Bosteels,Samira Laribi,Minh Lê,Quentin Hingrat,Soizic Mestre,Jean‐Sébastien Hulot,F. Raffi,Yves Lévy,Claire Lévy‐Marchal,Bruno Lina,Guillaume Lingas,Carlos Lumbreras,Denis Malvy,Marina Mambert,France Mentré,Noémie Mercier,Amina Meziane,Hugo Mouquet,Jimmy Mullaert,Nadège Néant,Marion Noret,Justine Pages,Aurélie Papadopoulos,Christelle Paul,Nathan Peiffer‐Smadja,Ventzislava Petrov–Sanchez,Gilles Peytavin,Olivier Picone,Oriane Puéchal,Manuel Rosa‐Calatrava,Bénédicte Rossignol,Carine Roy,Marion Schneider,Malcolm Semple,Nassima Mohammed,Lysa Tagherset,Coralie Tardivon,Sofía Tejada,Olivier Terrier,Jéan-François Timsit,Théo Treoux,Christelle Tual,Sarah Tubiana,Sylvie Werf,Noémie Vanel,Annelies Verbon,Benoît Visseaux,Yazdan Yazdanpanah,Andrés Alcover,Hugues Aschard,Kalla Astrom,Philippe Bousso,Pierre Bruhns,Ana Cumano,Caroline Demangel,Ludovic Deriano,James Paparello,Françoise Dromer,Gérard Eberl,Jost Enninga,Jacques Fellay,Ivo Boneca,Milena Hasan,Serge Herçberg,Olivier Lantz,Étienne Patin,Sandra Pellegrini,Stanislas Pol,Antonio Rausell,Lars Rogge,Anavaj Sakuntabhai,Olivier Schwartz,Benno Schwikowski,Spencer Shorte,Frédéric Tangy,Antoine Toubert,Mathilde Touvier,Marie‐Noëlle Ungeheuer,Matthew Albert,Loubna Alavoine,Karine Amat,Julia Bielicki,Patricia Bruijning‐Verhagen,Éric Caumes,Charlotte Charpentier,B. Coignard,Yolande Costa,Florence Damond,Aline Dechanet,Christelle Delmas,Jean-Luc Ecobichon,Wahiba Frezouls,Nadhira Houhou,Emila Ilic-Habensus,John Kikoine,David Lebeaux,Anne Leclercq,Jonathan Lehacaut,Sophie Letrou,Jean‐Christophe Lucet,Pauline Manchon,Milica Mandic,Mohamed Meghadecha,Justina Motiejūnaitė,Mariama Nouroudine,Valentine Piquard,Andreea Postolache,Caroline Quintin,Jade Rexach,Layidé Roufai,Zaven Terzian,Michaël Thy,Valérie Vignali,Michiel Agtmael,Anna Algera,Frank Baarle,Diane Bax,Martijn Beudel,Harm Bogaard,Marije Bomers,Lieuwe Bos,Michela Botta,Justin Brabander,Godelieve Bree,Matthijs Brouwer,Sanne Bruin,Marianna Bugiani,Esther Bulle,Osoul Chouchane,Alex Cloherty,Paul Elbers,Lucas Fleuren,Suzanne Geerlings,Bart Geerts,Teunis Geijtenbeek,Armand Girbes,Abraham Goorhuis,Martin Grobusch,Florianne Hafkamp,Laura Hagens,Jörg Hamann,Vanessa Harris,Robert Hemke,Sabine Hermans,Leo Heunks,Markus Hollmann,Janneke Horn,Joppe Hovius,Menno Jong,Rutger Koning,Niels Mourik,Jeaninne Nellen,Frederique Paulus,Edgar Peters,Tom Poll,Benedikt Preckel,Jan Prins,Jorinde Raasveld,Tom Reijnders,Michiel Schinkel,Marcus Schultz,Alex Schuurman,Kim Sigaloff,Marry Smit,Cornelis Stijnis,Willemke Stilma,Charlotte Teunissen,Patrick Thoral,Anissa Tsonas,Marc Valk,Denise Veelo,Alexander Vlaar,Heder Vries,Michèle Vugt,W. Wiersinga,Dorien Wouters,Aeilko Zwinderman,Saleh Muhsen,Fahd Al‐Mulla,Mark Anderson,Dusan Bogunovic,Анастасія Бондаренко,Yenan Bryceson,Luis González‐Granado,Manish Butte,Samya Chakravorty,John Christodoulou,Elizabeth Cirulli,Antônio Condino‐Neto,Megan Cooper,Joseph DeRisi,Murkesh Desai,Beth Drolet,Sara Espinosa,José Franco,Peter Gregersen,David Hagin,Jim Heath,Sarah Henrickson,Elena Hsieh,Kohsuke Imai,Yuval Itan,Timokratis Karamitros,Cheng‐Lung Ku,Yun Ling,C. Lucas,Tom Maniatis,László Maródi,Joshua Milner,Kristina Mironska,Tomohiro Morio,Giuseppe Novelli,Antonio Novelli,Cliona O’Farrelly,Satoshi Okada,Anna Planas,Carolina Prando,Aurora Pujol,Laurent Rénia,Vanessa Sancho‐Shimizu,Vijay Sankaran,Kelly Barrett,Mohammed Shahrooei,Stuart Turvey,K. Uddin,Mohammed Uddin,Sara Vazquez,Horst Bernuth,Nicole Washington,Paweł Zawadzki