Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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McLaughlin,Edward Boyko,Stein Vollset,Amanda Smith,Bronte Dalton,J Duprey,Jessica Fanzo,Hailey Hagins,Paulina Lindstedt,Amirali Aali,Yohannes Abate,Melsew Abate,Mohammadreza Abbasian,Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari,Mohsen Abbasi‐Kangevari,Samar ElHafeez,Rami Abd‐Rabu,Deldar Abdulah,Abu Abdullah,Vida Abedi,Hassan Abidi,Richard Aboagye,Hassan Abolhassani,Eman Abu‐Gharbieh,Ahmed Abu‐Zaid,Tigist Adane,Denberu Eshetie,Isaac Addo,Oyelola Adegboye,Victor Adekanmbi,Victor Adepoju,Qorinah Adnani,Rotimi Afolabi,Gina Agarwal,Zahra Aghdam,Marcela Agudelo‐Botero,Cecilia Arriagada,Williams Agyemang‐Duah,Bright Ahinkorah,Danish Ahmad,Rizwan Ahmad,Sajjad Ahmad,Aqeel Ahmad,Ali Ahmadi,Keivan Ahmadi,Ayman Ahmed,Ali Ahmed,Luai Ahmed,Syed Ahmed,Marjan Ajami,Rufus Akinyemi,Hanadi Hamad,Syed Hasan,Tareq AL-Ahdal,Tariq Alalwan,Ziyad Al‐Aly,Mohammad Al‐bataineh,Jacqueline Alcalde‐Rabanal,Sharifullah Alemi,Hassam Ali,Tahereh Alinia,Syed Aljunid,Sami Almustanyir,Rajaa Al‐Raddadi,Nelson Alvis‐Guzmán,Firehiwot Amare,Edward Ameyaw,Sohrab Amiri,Ganiyu Amusa,Cătălina Andrei,Ranjit Anjana,Adnan Ansar,Golnoosh Ansari,Sahar Moghaddam,Anayochukwu Anyasodor,Jalal Arabloo,Aleksandr Aravkin,Demelash Areda,Hidayat Arifin,Mesay Arkew,Benedetta Armocida,Johan Ärnlöv,Anton Artamonov,Judie Arulappan,Raphael Aruleba,Ashokan Arumugam,Zahra Aryan,Mulu Tiruneh,Mohammad Jafarabadi,Elaheh Askari,Daniel Asmelash,Thomas Astell‐Burt,Mohammad Athar,Seyyed Athari,Maha Atout,Leticia Ávila‐Burgos,Ahmed Awaisu,Sina Azadnajafabad,B Darshan,Hassan Babamohamadi,Muhammad Badar,Alaa Badawi,Ashish Badiye,Nayereh Baghcheghi,Nasser Bagheri,Sara Bagherieh,Sulaiman Bah,Saeed Bahadory,Ruhai Bai,Atif Baig,Ovidiu Baltatu,Hamid Baradaran,Martina Barchitta,Mainak Bardhan,Noël Barengo,Till Bärnighausen,Mark Barone,Francesco Barone‐Adesi,Amadou Barrow,Hamideh Bashiri,Afisu Basiru,Sanjay Basu,Saurav Basu,Abdul‐Monim Batiha,Kavita Batra,Mulat Tirfie,Nebiyou Bayileyegn,Amir Behnoush,Alehegn Bekele,Melaku Belete,Uzma Belgaumi,Luı́s Belo,Derrick Bennett,Isabela Benseñor,Kidanemaryam Berhe,Alemshet Berhie,Sonu Bhaskar,Ajay Bhat,Jasvinder Bhatti,Boris Bikbov,Faiq Bilal,Bagas Bintoro,Saeid Bitaraf,Veera Bitra,Vesna Bjegović-Mikanović,Virgínia Bodolica,Archith Boloor,Michael Bräuer,Javier Brazo‐Sayavera,Hermann Brenner,Zahid Butt,Daniela Călina,Luciana Campos,Ismael Campos‐Nonato,Yin Cao,Chao Cao,Josip Car,Márcia Carvalho,Carlos Castañeda-Orjuela,Ferrán Catalá-López,Ester Cerin,Joshua Chadwick,Eeshwar Chandrasekar,Gashaw Chanie,Jaykaran Charan,Vijay Chattu,Kirti Chauhan,Huzaifa Cheema,Endeshaw Abebe,Simiao Chen,Nicolas Cherbuin,Fatemeh Chichagi,Saravana Chidambaram,William Cho,Sonali Choudhari,Rajiv Chowdhury,E. Chowdhury,Dinh‐Toi Chu,Isaac Chukwu,Sheng‐Chia Chung,Kaleb Coberly,Alyssa Columbus,Daniela Contreras,Ewerton Cousin,Benjamin Cowie,Natália Martins,Sarah Cuschieri,Bashir Dabo,Omid Dadras,Xiaochen Dai,Albertino Damasceno,Rakhi Dandona,Lalit Dandona,Saswati Das,Ana Dascălu,Nihar Dash,Mohsen Dashti,Claudio Dávila-Cervantes,Vanessa Cruz‐Góngora,Gebiso Debele,Kourosh Delpasand,Fitsum Demisse,Getu Demissie,Xin Deng,Edgar Denova‐Gutiérrez,Salil Deo,Emina Dervišević,Hardik Desai,Aragaw Desale,Anteneh Dessie,Fikreab Desta,Syed Dewan,S. Dey,Kuldeep Dhama,Meghnath Dhimal,Nancy Diao,Daniel Díaz,Monica Dinu,Mengistie Diress,Shirin Djalalinia,Linh Doan,Deepa Dongarwar,Francisco Figueiredo,Bruce Duncan,Siddhartha Dutta,Arkadiusz Dziedzic,Hisham Edinur,Michael Ekholuenetale,Temitope Ekundayo,Islam Elgendy,Muhammed Elhadi,Waseem El‐Huneidi,Omar Meligy,Mohamed Elmonem,Destaw Endeshaw,Hawi Esayas,Habitu Eshetu,Farshid Etaee,Ibtihal Fadhil,Adeniyi Fagbamigbe,Ayesha Fahim,Shahab Falahi,MoezAlIslam Faris,Hossein Farrokhpour,Farshad Farzadfar,Ali Fatehizadeh,Ghazal Fazli,Xiaoqi Feng,Tomas Yeheyis,Florian Fischer,David Flood,Ali Forouhari,Roham Foroumadi,Masoumeh Koudehi,Abhay Gaidhane,Santosh Gaihre,Abduzhappar Gaipov,Yaseen Galali,Balasankar Ganesan,Miguel García-Gordillo,Rupesh Gautam,Mesfin Gebrehiwot,Kahsu Gebrekidan,Teferi Gebremeskel,Lemma Getacher,Fataneh Ghadirian,Seyyed‐Hadi Ghamari,Mohammad Nour,Fariba Ghassemi,Mahaveer Golechha,Pouya Goleij,Davide Golinelli,Sameer Gopalani,Habtamu Guadie,Shi‐Yang Guan,Temesgen Gudayu,Rafael Guimarães,Rashid Guled,Rajeev Gupta,Kartik Gupta,Veer Gupta,Vivek Gupta,Bishal Gyawali,Rasool Haddadi,Najah Hadi,Teklehaimanot Haile,Ramtin Hajibeygi,Arvin Haj‐Mirzaian,Rabih Halwani,Samer Hamidi,Graeme Hankey,Md. Hannan,Shafiul Haque,Hamid Harandi,Netanja Harlianto,S Hasan,Hamidreza Hasani,Soheil Hassanipour,Mohammed Hassen,Johannes Haubold,Khezar Hayat,Golnaz Heidari,Mohammad Heidari,Kamran Hessami,Yuta Hiraike,Ramesh Holla,Sahadat Hossain,Md. Hossain,Mohammad‐Salar Hosseini,Mehdi Hosseinzadeh,Hassan Hosseinzadeh,Junjie Huang,Md. Huda,Salman Hussain,Hong-Han Huynh,Bing‐Fang Hwang,Segun Ibitoye,Nayu Ikeda,Irena Ilić,Milena Ilić,Leeberk Inbaraj,Afrin Iqbal,Sheikh Islam,Rakibul Islam,Nahlah Ismail,Hiroyasu Iso,Gaetano Isola,Ramaiah Itumalla,Masao Iwagami,Chidozie Iwu,Ihoghosa Iyamu,Assefa Negash,Louis Jacob,Abdollah Jafarzadeh,Haitham Jahrami,Rajesh Jain,Cheedy Jaja,Zahra Jamalpoor,Elham Jamshidi,Balamurugan Janakiraman,Krishnamurthy Jayanna,Mustapha Immurana,Shubha Jayaram,Ranil Jayawardena,Rime Jebai,Wonjeong Jeong,Yinzi Jin,Mohammad Jokar,Jost Jonas,Nitin Joseph,Abel Joseph,Charity Joshua,Srinivasan Kannan,Jacek Jozwiak,Billingsley Kaambwa,Ali Kabir,Robel Kabthymer,Vidya Kadashetti,Farima Kahe,Rohollah Kalhor,Himal Kandel,Shama Karanth,Ibraheem Karaye,Samad Karkhah,Patrick Katoto,Navjot Kaur,Sina Kazemian,Sewnet Kebede,Yousef Khader,Himanshu Khajuria,Amirmohammad Khalaji,Moien Khan,Maseer Khan,Ajmal Khan,Saval Khanal,Moawiah Khatatbeh,Amir Khater,Sorour Khateri,Fatemeh Khorashadizadeh,Jagdish Khubchandani,Biruk Kibret,Min Kim,Ruth Kimokoti,Adnan Kısa,Mika Kivimäki,Ali‐Asghar Kolahi,Somayeh Komaki,Farzad Kompani,Hamid Koohestani,Oleksii Korzh,Karel Kostev,Nikhil Kothari,Ai Koyanagi,Kewal Krishan,Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy,Barthélémy Defo,Mohammed Kuddus,Md Kuddus,Rakesh Kumar,Harish Kumar,Satyajit Kundu,Maria Kurniasari,Ambily Kuttikkattu,Carlo Vecchia,Tea Lallukka,Bagher Larijani,Anders Larsson,Kamaluddin Latief,Basira Lawal,Thao Le,Trang Le,Shaun Lee,Munjae Lee,Wei‐Chen Lee,Paul Lee,Sang-woong Lee,Seung Lee,Samson Mideksa,Jacopo Lenzi,Yongze Li,C.-L. Chen,Stephen Lim,Lee‐Ling Lim,Xuefeng Liu,George Liu,Chun‐Han Lo,Graciliana Lopes,Stefan Lorkowski,Rafael Lozano,Giancarlo Lucchetti,Azzam Maghazachi,Walter Mendoza,S. Mahjoub,Mansour Mahmoud,Razzagh Mahmoudi,Marzieh Mahmudimanesh,Do Anh,Azeem Majeed,Pantea Sanaye,Konstantinos Makris,Kashish Malhotra,Ahmad Malik,Iram Malik,Tauqeer Mallhi,Déborah Malta,Abdullah Mamun,Borhan Mansouri,Hamid Marateb,Parham Mardi,Santi Martini,Miquel Martorell,Roy Marzo,Reza Masoudi,Sahar Masoudi,Elezebeth Mathews,Andrea Maugeri,Giampiero Mazzaglia,Teferi Mekonnen,Mahboobeh Meshkat,Tomislav Meštrović,Junmei Jonasson,Tomasz Miazgowski,Irmina Michałek,Le Minh,GK Mini,J. Miranda,Reza Mirfakhraie,Erkin Мirrakhimov,Mohammad Mirza‐Aghazadeh‐Attari,Nefsu Awoke,Kebede Misgina,Manish Mishra,Babak Moazen,Nouh Mohamed,Esmaeil Mohammadi,Mohsen Mohammadi,Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani,Marita Mohammadshahi,Alireza Mohseni,Hoda Mojiri-Forushani,Ali Mokdad,Sara Momtazmanesh,Lorenzo Monasta,Md. Moniruzzaman,Ute Mons,Fateme Montazeri,AmirAli Ghalibaf,Yousef Moradi,Maryam Moradi,Mostafa Sarabi,Negar Morovatdar,Shane Morrison,Jakub Morze,Elías Mossialos,Ebrahim Mostafavi,Erika Ota,Francesk Mulita,Admir Mulita,Efrén Murillo‐Zamora,Kamarul Musa,Julius Mwita,Shankar Nagaraju,Mohsen Naghavi,Firzan Nainu,Tapas Nair,Hastyar Najmuldeen,Vinay Nangia,Shumaila Nargus,Abdallah Naser,Hasan Nassereldine,Zuhair Natto,Javaid Nauman,Biswa Nayak,Rawlance Ndejjo,Hadush Negash,Ruxandra Negoi,Hau Nguyen,Dang Nguyen,Phat Nguyen,Văn Nguyễn,Hien Nguyen,Robina Niazi,Yeshambel Nigatu,Dina Ningrum,Muhammad Nizam,Lawrence Nnyanzi,Mamoona Noreen,Jean Noubiap,Ogochukwu Nzoputam,Chimezie Nzoputam,Bogdan Oancea,Nkechi Odogwu,Oluwakemi Odukoya,Vivek Ojha,Hassan Okati‐Aliabad,Akinkunmi Okekunle,Osaretin Okonji,Isaac Olufadewa,Obinna Onwujekwe,Michał Ordak,Alberto Ortíz,Uchechukwu Osuagwu,Abderrahim Oulhaj,Mayowa Owolabi,Alicia Padrón‐Monedero,Jagadish Padubidri,Raffaele Palladino,Demosthenes Panagiotakos,Ashok Pandey,Anamika Pandey,Seithikurippu Pandi‐Perumal,Anca Stoian,Shahina Pardhan,Tarang Parekh,Utsav Parekh,Maja Pasovic,Jay Patel,Jenil Patel,Uttam Paudel,Veincent Pepito,Marcos Pereira,Norberto Perico,Simone Perna,Ionela-Roxana Petcu,Fanny Petermann-Rocha,Vivek Podder,Maarten Postma,Ghazaleh Pourali,Naeimeh Pourtaheri,Elton Prates,Mirza Qadir,Ibrahim Qattea,Pourya Raee,Ibrar Rafique,Mehran Rahimi,Mahban Rahimifard,Vafa Rahimi‐Movaghar,Obaidur Rahman,Muhammad Rahman,Mohammad Rahman,Mosiur Rahman,Md. Rahman,Mohamed Rahmani,Shayan Rahmani,Vahid Rahmanian,Setyaningrum Rahmawaty,Niloufar Rahnavard,Bibek Rajbhandari,Pradhum Ram,Sheena Ramazanu,Juwel Rana,Nemanja Rančić,Muhammad Ranjha,Chythra Rao,Deepthi Rapaka,Drona Rasali,Sina Rashedi,Vahid Rashedi,Ahmed Rashid,Mohammad‐Mahdi Rashidi,Zubair Ratan,Salman Rawaf,Lal Rawal,Elrashdy Redwan,Giuseppe Remuzzi,Kannan Rengasamy,André Renzaho,Luis Reyes,Nima Rezaei,Nazila Rezaei,Mohsen Rezaeian,Hossein Rezazadeh,Seyed Riahi,Yohanes Rias,Muhammad Riaz,Daniela Ribeiro,Mónica Rodrigues,Jefferson Buendía,Leonardo Roever,Peter Rohloff,Gholamreza Roshandel,Abazar Roustazadeh,Godfrey Rwegerera,Martin Prins,Maha Saber-Ayad,Siamak Sabour,Leila Sabzmakan,Basema Saddik,Erfan Sadeghi,Umar Saeed,Sare Safi,Sher Safi,Amene Saghazadeh,Narjes Sharif‐Askari,Fatemeh Sharif‐Askari,Amirhossein Sahebkar,Soumya Sahoo,Harihar Sahoo,KM Saif‐Ur‐Rahman,Mirza Sajid,Sarvenaz Salahi,Saina Salahi,Mohamed Saleh,Mohammad Salehi,Joshua Salomon,Juan Sanabria,Rama Sanjeev,Francesco Sanmarchi,Milena Santric-Milicevic,Made Sarasmita,Saman Sargazi,Brijesh Sathian,Thirunavukkarasu Sathish,Monika Sawhney,Markus Schlaich,María Schmidt,Art Schuermans,Aziz Eftekhari,Nachimuthu Kumar,Sadaf Sepanlou,Yashendra Sethi,Allen Seylani,Maryam Shabani,Tahereh Shafaghat,Melika Shafeghat,Mahan Shafie,Nilay Shah,Samiah Shahid,Masood Shaikh,Mohd Shanawaz,Mohammed Shannawaz,Sadaf Sharfaei,Bereket Shashamo,Rahman Shiri,Aminu Shittu,GN Chandu,Siddharudha Shivalli,Parnian Shobeiri,Fereshteh Shokri,Kerem Shuval,Migbar Sibhat,Luís Silva,Colin Simpson,Ambrish Singh,Paramdeep Singh,Surjit Singh,Md Siraj,Anna Skryabina,Abdullah Sohag,Hamidreza Soleimani,Solikhah Solikhah,Mohammad Soltani‐Zangbar,Ranjani Somayaji,Reed Sorensen,Antonina Starodubova,Ramna Thakur,Muhammad Suleman,Jing Sun,Johan Sundström,Rafael Tabarés‐Seisdedos,Seyyed Tabatabaei,Seyed‐Amir Tabatabaeizadeh,Mohammad Tabish,Majid Taheri,Ensiyeh Taheri,Elahe Taki,Jacques Tamuzi,Ker‐Kan Tan,Nathan Tat,Birhan Taye,Worku Temesgen,Mohamad‐Hani Temsah,Riki Tesler,Pugazhenthan Thangaraju,Giang Vu,Rajshree Thapa,Samar Tharwat,Nihal Thomas,Hamid Salehiniya,Marcello Tonelli,Marcos Tovani‐Palone,Domenico Tricò,Indang Trihandini,Jaya Tripathy,Samuel Tromans,Guesh Mebrahtom,Abdul Tualeka,Derara Girma,Stefanos Tyrovolas,Sana Ullah,Era Upadhyay,Seyed Vahabi,Asokan Vaithinathan,Rohollah Valizadeh,Kim Daalen,Priya Vart,Shoban Varthya,Tommi Vasankari,Siavash Vaziri,Madhur Verma,Georgios‐Ioannis Verras,Danh Vo,Birhanu Wagaye,Yasir Waheed,Ziyue Wang,Xiaohui Wang,Sheng Wang,Fang Wang,Gizachew Wassie,Melissa Wei,Abrha Hailay,Ronny Westerman,Nuwan Wickramasinghe,Yifan Wu,Ratna Wulandari,Weichang Li,Hong Xiao,Suowen Xu,Xiaoyue Xu,Dereje Yada,Lin Yang,Hiroshi Yatsuya,Metin Yeşiltepe,Siyan Yi,Hunachew Yohannis,Naohiro Yonemoto,Dong Yon,Sojib Zaman,Nelson Rodríguez,Iman Zare,Kourosh Zarea,Armin Zarrintan,Михаил Застрожин,Naod Zeru,Zhi‐Jiang Zhang,Chenwen Zhong,Jingjing Zhou,Magdalena Zielińska,Yossef Zikarg,Sanjay Zodpey,Mohammad Zoladl,Zhiyong Zou,Alimuddin Zumla,Yves Zuñiga,Dianna Magliano,Christopher Murray,Simon Hay,Theo Vos,Williams Agyemang-Duah,Aziza Ahmed,Anees Syed