&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The combustion of hydrogen (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) as a fuel is attractive due to its zero-carbon nature and combustion-enhancing properties when used to supplement other fuels. However, the challenge of using H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; as a fuel for transportation applications is the difficulty of onboard storage. One solution to this is to crack onboard stored ammonia (NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) into H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; which can be supplied to the combustion chamber. However, the reforming process is not always 100 % efficient which can lead to the presence of NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; in the combustion process. The presence of NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; can influence engine performance, combustion and emissions. Therefore, this experimental study reports the differences in engine performance between H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; reformate mixtures (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;/NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;/N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) added to gasoline in a dual-fuel engine setup under both stoichiometric (λ=1.0) and lean-burn (λ&amp;gt;1.0) operating conditions in a spark ignition (SI) engine. In this study, gasoline was used as the main fuel, with the H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; reformate blends studied having energy substitution ratios ranging from 0% to 23%. The results showed that the use of H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;/H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;/N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; mixtures reduced carbon-based emissions. However, there was an increase in nitrogen-based emissions compared to gasoline with increased H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; content.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Study of H &lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and NH &lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Mixtures in a Gasoline-Fueled Engine

Study of H <sub>2</sub> and NH <sub>3</sub> Mixtures in a Gasoline-Fueled Engine