Abstract Background: The aim of the present study was to compare the outcomes of patients who underwent different sequences of ipsilateral total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods: We retrospectively identified 47 patients who underwent TKA followed by ipsilateral THA (THA-TKA) and 36 patients who received THA subsequent to ipsilateral TKA (TKA-THA) for rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis between January 2008 and April 2014. Twenty-eight patients were selected for each group after case-control matching with preoperative demographics and protheses of THA. Clinical scores, radiographic results, complication rates, and survivorship were compared. The median duration of follow-up was 110 (range 80-149) months. Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in Harris Hip Scores, Knee Society Score, and Short Form-12 at the last follow-up compared to baseline ( p &lt; .001). At the last follow-up, all clinical scores were actually lower in the THA-TKA group, but those differences were not statistically significant. Otherwise, there was no significant difference in radiological alignment or complication rates. The survivorship of THA and TKA in the THA-TKA group was 88.2% and 87.4%, respectively, compared with 75.0% and 95.7% in the TKA-THA group at 10 years (log rank, p = .939 and .187). Conclusions: Patients who underwent ipsilateral THA and TKA with different sequences achieved similar favorable outcomes. Total joint arthroplasty can be performed safely with excellent outcomes in patients with a history of prior ipsilateral THA or TKA.

Mid-long-term results of total knee arthroplasty followed by ipsilateral total hip arthroplasty versus total hip arthroplasty subsequent to ipsilateral total knee arthroplasty: A case-control analysis