Abstract

Motivation: Immunotherapy for glioma has demonstrated promising potential in preclinical studies. However, the dynamic assessment of its effectiveness in the brain presents a significant challenge. Goal(s): To continuously monitor the effectiveness of PD-1 inhibitors when combined with bioengineered Escherichia coli in the treatment of GBM in mouse model, utilizing high-field animal MRI technology. Approach: Throughout the treatment of glioma-bearing mouse with E. coli and/or PD-1 inhibitors, we employed multimodal MRI and immunofluorescence techniques to routinely observe changes within the tumor microenvironment. Results: The high-field MRI technology utilized for monitoring the tumor microenvironment revealed positive outcomes for the combination therapy, consistent with our laboratory findings. Impact: Our research suggests that the fusion of bioengineered Escherichia coli and PD-1 inhibitors may herald a groundbreaking development in GBM immunotherapy, with high-field MRI technology serving as a potent tool for the real-time evaluation of this combination therapy's efficacy.