Abstract

Motivation: Spectral editing methods are widely used to measure γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which also co-edits glutamate (Glu) at 2.34 ppm in the sum spectrum (sum=ON+OFF). However, the co-detection of Glu at 2.34 ppm has not been assessed. Goal(s): We demonstrate the co-editing of Glu without glutamine using HERMES of GABA and glutathione. Approach: Simulations of HERMES and 1D J-resolved of Glu, glutamine, and GABA, followed by in vivo experiments on 137 participants. Results: Simulations and in vivo experiments show a Glu-edited signal without overlapping glutamine and GABA signals from both methods. In vivo quantification of Glu show that the two methods are significantly correlated. Impact: Our study demonstrates a purer measurement of Glu using HERMES without needing a separate acquisition. HERMES provides an opportunity to study Glu/GABA/glutathione concurrently to understand their relationships under homeostasis or drug interventions that might affect the glutamatergic/GABAergic/antioxidant systems.