Abstract

In traditional power systems, distribution networks (DNs) often suffer from significant power losses. However, integrating decentralized sources into these networks not only mitigates these losses but also eases the burden on central power sources. As centralized power plants are frequently located at a distance from consumption centers, incorporating off-grid power sources (OPSs) closer to demand hubs enhances overall system efficiency. This paper focuses on optimizing OPS allocation using the fuzzy spark firefly optimization algorithm (FSFOA). By strategically placing various types of OPS units, the aim is to minimize both real and reactive power losses in the distribution system. The study evaluates system performance metrics, showcasing how different types of OPS optimization affect the network in a range of (11 kV to 13 kV) DN base voltages. The FSFOA offers distinct advantages in efficiently navigating the complex optimization landscape, allowing for the precise placement of OPS to achieve significant improvements in system efficiency and performance. For instance, OPS Type-IV at bus number 6 demonstrates substantial reductions in real power loss by 68.92% to 91.464 kW and in reactive power loss by 62.99% to 73.8374 kVAr, highlighting its effectiveness in managing reactive power and improving overall power factor.