Abstract

Integrating photonics with advanced electronics leverages transistor performance, process fidelity and package integration, to enable a new class of systems-on-a-chip for a variety of applications ranging from computing and communications to sensing and imaging. Monolithic silicon photonics is a promising solution to meet the energy efficiency, sensitivity, and cost requirements of these applications. In this review paper, we take a comprehensive view of the performance of the silicon-photonic technologies developed to date for photonic interconnect applications. We also present the latest performance and results of our "zero-change" silicon photonics platforms in 45 nm and 32 nm SOI CMOS. The results indicate that the 45 nm and 32 nm processes provide a "sweet-spot" for adding photonic capability and enhancing integrated system applications beyond the Moore-scaling, while being able to offload major communication tasks from more deeply-scaled compute and memory chips without complicated 3D integration approaches.