Abstract We believe that the Adiabatic Quantum-Flux-Parametron (AQFP) circuit, as a new type of low-power superconducting circuit, can be applied in various fields, such as using its high precision to determine the phase of input signals. To improve the precision of AQFP, it is necessary to reduce the gray zone of the circuit. In this paper, we investigate a digital integration method to reduce the gray zone of the AQFP circuit system and enhance its precision. Theoretical results show that the gray zone of the AQFP circuit system becomes narrower and the precision of the system increases as more data points are integrated.&amp;#xD;Additionally, we establish the relationship between the reduction in gray zone and the number of integrated data points. To validate our findings, we fabricate integrator circuits using&amp;#xD;AQFP and conduct experimental verification. Furthermore, we estimate the relationship between the scale of the integration circuit and the chip area, providing possibilities for various application scenarios in the future.various application scenarios in the future.&amp;#xD;

Design and fabrication of integrator using adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron circuit