Expansion microscopy (ExM) improves the resolution of fluorescence microscopy by physically expanding the sample embedded in a hydrogel[1][1]–[4][2]. Since its invention, ExM has been successfully applied to a wide range of cell, tissue and animal samples [2][3]–[9][4]. Still, fluorescence signal loss during polymerization and digestion limits molecular-scale imaging using ExM. Here we report the development of label-retention ExM (LR-ExM) with a set of trifunctional anchors that not only prevent signal loss but also enable high-efficiency protein labeling using enzymatic tags. We have demonstrated multicolor LR-ExM for a variety of subcellular structures. Combining LR-ExM with super-resolution Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM), we have achieved 5 nm resolution in the visualization of polyhedral lattice of clathrin-coated pits in situ . [1]: #ref-1 [2]: #ref-4 [3]: #ref-2 [4]: #ref-9