Allergic asthma is characterized by chronic airway inflammation and hyperreactivity and is thought to be mediated by an adaptive T helper‐2 ( T h2) cell‐type immune resp‐onse. Here, we demonstrate that type 2 pulmonary innate lymphoid cells ( ILC 2s) significantly contribute to production of the key cytokines IL ‐5 and IL ‐13 in experimental asthma. In naive mice, lineage‐marker negative ILC 2s expressing IL ‐7Rα, CD 25, S ca‐1, and T 1/ ST 2(IL‐33R) were present in lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes ( M ed LN s), but not in broncho‐alveolar lavage ( BAL ) fluid. Upon intranasal administration of IL ‐25 or IL ‐33, an asthma phenotype was induced, whereby ILC 2s accumulated in lungs, M ed LN s, and BAL fluid. After IL ‐25 and IL ‐33 administration, ILC 2s constituted ∼50 and ∼80% of IL ‐5 + / IL ‐13 + cells in lung and BAL , respectively. Also in house dust mite‐induced or ovalbumin‐induced allergic asthma, the ILC 2 population in lung and BAL fluid increased significantly in size and ILC 2s were a major source of IL‐5 or IL‐13. Particularly in OVA ‐induced asthma, the contribution of ILC 2s to the total population of intracellular IL‐5 + and IL‐13 + cells in the lung was in the same range as found for T h2 cells. We conclude that both ILC 2s and T h2 cells produce large amounts of IL ‐5 and IL ‐13 that contribute to allergic airway inflammation.