RNA exosomopathies, a growing family of tissue-specific diseases, are linked to missense mutations in genes encoding the structural subunits of the conserved 10-subunit exoribonuclease complex, the RNA exosome. Such mutations in the cap subunit gene cause the novel syndrome SHRF ( hort stature, earing loss, etinitis pigmentosa and distinctive acies). In contrast, exosomopathy mutations in the cap subunit gene cause pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 1b (PCH1b). Though having strikingly different disease pathologies, and exosomopathy mutations result in amino acid substitutions in similar, conserved domains of the cap subunits, suggesting that these exosomopathy mutations have distinct consequences for RNA exosome function. We generated the first model of the SHRF pathogenic amino acid substitutions using budding yeast by introducing the mutations in the orthologous gene . The resulting mutant cells have defects in cell growth and RNA exosome function. We detect significant transcriptomic changes in both coding and non-coding RNAs in the variant, , which models p.Gly198Asp. Comparing this mutant to the previously studied model of PCH1b mutation, , reveals that these mutants have disparate effects on certain RNA targets, providing the first evidence for different mechanistic consequences of these exosomopathy mutations. Congruently, we detect specific negative genetic interactions between RNA exosome cofactor mutants and but not . These data provide insight into how SHRF mutations could alter the function of the RNA exosome and allow the first direct comparison of exosomopathy mutations that cause distinct pathologies.