Abstract Restoration factors (Rfs) belonging to the pentatricopeptide repeat proteins (PPRs) family play an essential role in plant growth and development including their binding to CMS-associated mitochondrial RNAs leading to fertility restoration. The present study identified 22 mitochondrial-specific PPRs in pigeonpea and explored the underlying mechanisms of restoration of fertility in the A 4 CMS system through yeast-three hybrid studies. The identified gene was functionally validated through transgenic expression in Arabidopsis model system and obtained conclusive evidence that the identified Rf-PPR was responsible for fertility restoration. The sub-cellular localization studies implied that the identified Rf-PPR is mitochondrial targeting. The study demonstrated that due to the interaction between mitochondrial CMS mRNA and nuclear Rf-PPR protein, post-transcriptional modification occurred, leading to the inability to translate and accumulate cytotoxic CMS protein resulting in fertility restoration. The study specifically looks into the RNA-protein interaction occurring at the nucleo-cytoplasmic level in the A4 cytoplasm of Cajanus cajanifolius . Highlights The study identifies the restoration of fertility genes corresponding to the CMS-causing orf147 gene.