The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a substantial challenge for health-care systems and their infrastructure. RT-PCR-based diagnostic confirmation of infected individuals is crucial to contain viral spread because infection can be asymptomatic despite high viral loads. Sufficient molecular diagnostic capacity is important for public health interventions such as case detection and isolation, including for health-care professionals.1Koo JR Cook AR Park M et al.Interventions to mitigate early spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore: a modelling study.Lancet Infect Dis. 2020; (published online March 23.)https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30162-6Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (512) Google Scholar Protocols for RNA RT-PCR testing of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) became available early in the pandemic, yet the infrastructure of testing laboratories is stretched and in some areas it is overwhelmed.2Corman VM Landt O Kaiser M et al.Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR.Euro Surveill. 2020; 252000045Crossref Scopus (5023) Google Scholar We propose a testing strategy that is easy to implement and can expand the capacity of the available laboratory infrastructure and test kits when large numbers of asymptomatic people need to be screened. We introduced the pooling of samples before RT-PCR amplification, and only in the case of positive pool test results is work-up of individual samples initiated, thus potentially substantially reducing the number of tests needed. Viral load during symptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 was investigated by Zou and colleagues.3Zou L Ruan F Huang M et al.SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients.N Engl J Med. 2020; 382: 1177-1179Crossref PubMed Scopus (3456) Google Scholar To analyse the effect of pooling samples on the sensitivity of RT-PCR, we compared cycle threshold (Ct) values of pools that tested positive with Ct values of individual samples that tested positive. We isolated RNA from eSwabs (Copan Italia, Brescia, Italy) using the NucliSens easy MAG Instrument (bioMeriéux Deutschland, Nürtingen, Germany) following the manufacturers' instructions. PCR amplification used the RealStar SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Kit 1.0 RUO (Altona Diagnostics, Hamburg, Germany) on a Light Cycler 480 II Real-Time PCR Instrument (Roche Diagnostics Deutschland, Mannheim, Germany) according to the manufacturers' instructions. Our results show that over a range of pool sizes, from four to 30 samples per pool, Ct values of positive pools were between 22 and 29 for the envelope protein gene (E-gene) assay and between 21 and 29 for the spike protein gene (S-gene) assay. Ct values were lower in retested positive individual samples (figure A, B). The Ct values for both E-gene and S-gene assays in pools and individual positive samples were below 30 and easily categorised as positive. Ct value differences between pooled tests and individual positive samples (Ctpool– Ctpositive sample) were in the range of up to five. Even if Ct values of single samples were up to 34, positive pools could still be confidently identified (figure C, D). Sub-pools can further optimise resource use when infection prevalence is low. Generating a pool of 30 samples from three sub-pools of ten samples can reduce retestings. If the large pool is positive, the three sub-pools are reanalysed, and then the individual samples of the positive sub-pool. In our analyses during March 13–21, 2020, testing of 1191 samples required only 267 tests to detect 23 positive individuals (prevalence 1·93%). The rate of positive tests was 4·24% in our institution during this period. These data suggest that pooling of up to 30 samples per pool can increase test capacity with existing equipment and test kits and detects positive samples with sufficient diagnostic accuracy. We must mention that borderline positive single samples might escape detection in large pools. We see these samples typically in convalescent patients 14–21 days after symptomatic infection. The pool size can accommodate different infection scenarios and be optimised according to infrastructure constraints. We declare no competing interests. Intramural funding was obtained from Saarland University Medical Center. Challenges and issues of SARS-CoV-2 pool testingWe read with interest the Correspondence by Stefan Lohse and colleagues,1 who evaluated the practicability of pool testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Pooling of samples yields considerable savings of test kits when the prevalence of infection is low because pools with all-negative samples can be discarded with a single test. Lohse and colleagues' findings suggest that pooling up to 30 samples is technically feasible with currently used and commercially available SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR kits. Full-Text PDF Challenges and issues of SARS-CoV-2 pool testing – Authors' replyWe appreciate the comments on our letter,1 in which we described a strategy to identify asymptomatic people infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in large populations of uninfected people when testing capacity is low and laboratory infrastructure is overwhelmed. We proposed pool testing to screen for individuals who might spread SARS-CoV-2 without showing any symptoms. He and colleagues2 reported temporal patterns of viral shedding and inferred from their data that viral load peaks 0·7 days before symptom onset and estimated that 44% of SARS-CoV-2 infections occur during the pre-symptomatic stage of the index case. Full-Text PDF Challenges and issues of SARS-CoV-2 pool testingWe read with interest Stefan Lohse and colleagues' Correspondence about sample pooling for testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in asymptomatic people.1 Some of the findings Lohse and colleagues report do not seem to be consistent with other research results2,3 nor our experiences. Full-Text PDF Challenges and issues of SARS-CoV-2 pool testingStefan Lohse and colleagues1 described a sample pooling strategy for testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) via RT-PCR to meet the unprecedented demand for laboratory testing. Lohse and colleagues evaluated a range of pool sizes (four to 30 samples per pool) in asymptomatic people. The additional time to deconvolute the larger pools yielding a positive result into sub-pools precludes the use of this strategy in patients with severe acute respiratory illness and high-risk contacts. Full-Text PDF