The Ccr4-Not complex contains the poorly understood Not4 ubiquitin ligase that functions in transcription, mRNA decay, translation, proteostasis, and endolysosomal nutrient signaling. To gain further insight into the in vivo functions of the ligase, we performed quantitative proteomics in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using yeast cells lacking Not4, or cells overexpressing wild-type Not4 or an inactive Not4 mutant. Herein, we provide evidence that balanced Not4 activity maintains ribosomal protein (RP) homeostasis independent of changes to RP mRNA or known Not4 ribosomal substrates. Intriguingly, we also find that Not4 loss activates 40S ribosomal autophagy independently of canonical Atg7-dependent macroautophagy, indicating that microautophagy is responsible. We previously demonstrated that Ccr4-Not stimulates the target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) signaling, which activates RP expression and inhibits autophagy, by maintaining vacuole V-ATPase H+ pump activity. Importantly, combining Not4 deficient cells with a mutant that blocks vacuole H+ export fully restores RP expression and increases 40S RP autophagy efficiency. In contrast, restoring TORC1 activity alone fails to rescue either process, indicating that Not4 loss disrupts additional endolysosomal functions that regulate RP expression and 40S autophagy. Analysis of the Not4-regulated proteome reveals increases in endolysosomal and autophagy-related factors that functionally interact with Not4 to control RP expression and affect 40S autophagy. Collectively, our data indicate that balanced Ccr4-Not ubiquitin ligase signaling maintains RP homeostasis and inhibits 40S autophagy via the ligase's emerging role as an endolysosomal regulator. The Ccr4-Not complex contains the poorly understood Not4 ubiquitin ligase that functions in transcription, mRNA decay, translation, proteostasis, and endolysosomal nutrient signaling. To gain further insight into the in vivo functions of the ligase, we performed quantitative proteomics in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using yeast cells lacking Not4, or cells overexpressing wild-type Not4 or an inactive Not4 mutant. Herein, we provide evidence that balanced Not4 activity maintains ribosomal protein (RP) homeostasis independent of changes to RP mRNA or known Not4 ribosomal substrates. Intriguingly, we also find that Not4 loss activates 40S ribosomal autophagy independently of canonical Atg7-dependent macroautophagy, indicating that microautophagy is responsible. We previously demonstrated that Ccr4-Not stimulates the target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) signaling, which activates RP expression and inhibits autophagy, by maintaining vacuole V-ATPase H+ pump activity. Importantly, combining Not4 deficient cells with a mutant that blocks vacuole H+ export fully restores RP expression and increases 40S RP autophagy efficiency. In contrast, restoring TORC1 activity alone fails to rescue either process, indicating that Not4 loss disrupts additional endolysosomal functions that regulate RP expression and 40S autophagy. Analysis of the Not4-regulated proteome reveals increases in endolysosomal and autophagy-related factors that functionally interact with Not4 to control RP expression and affect 40S autophagy. Collectively, our data indicate that balanced Ccr4-Not ubiquitin ligase signaling maintains RP homeostasis and inhibits 40S autophagy via the ligase's emerging role as an endolysosomal regulator. Cells dynamically respond to nutrient availability and stress through mechanisms that require communication between the gene expression machinery and metabolic-responsive organelles, including the endolysosomal compartment and mitochondria (1Jain A. Zoncu R. Organelle transporters and inter-organelle communication as drivers of metabolic regulation and cellular homeostasis.Mol. 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The Ccr4-Not complex is a large multisubunit complex that is conserved throughout evolution and has critical roles throughout the gene expression process. Ccr4-Not originally was identified in budding yeast where it consists of the Ccr4, Caf1, Caf40, Caf130, and the Not1-5 subunits (3Collart M.A. The Ccr4-Not complex is a key regulator of eukaryotic gene expression.Wiley Inter. Rev. RNA. 2016; 7: 438-454Crossref PubMed Google Scholar). The complex's best-understood role is the regulation of cytoplasmic mRNA decay via the Ccr4 deadenylase subunit, and Ccr4-Not mediated mRNA degradation is highly conserved in metazoans (3Collart M.A. The Ccr4-Not complex is a key regulator of eukaryotic gene expression.Wiley Inter. Rev. RNA. 2016; 7: 438-454Crossref PubMed Google Scholar, 4Pavanello L. Hall M. Winkler G.S. Regulation of eukaryotic mRNA deadenylation and degradation by the Ccr4-Not complex.Front. Cell Dev. Biol. 2023; 111153624Crossref PubMed Scopus (4) Google Scholar). Additionally, Ccr4-Not regulates RNA polymerase II (Pol II)-dependent transcription initiation and elongation, and mRNA nuclear export (3Collart M.A. The Ccr4-Not complex is a key regulator of eukaryotic gene expression.Wiley Inter. Rev. RNA. 2016; 7: 438-454Crossref PubMed Google Scholar, 5Kruk J.A. Dutta A. Fu J. Gilmour D.S. Reese J.C. The multifunctional Ccr4-Not complex directly promotes transcription elongation.Genes Dev. 2011; 25: 581-593Crossref PubMed Scopus (127) Google Scholar, 6Kerr S.C. Azzouz N. Fuchs S.M. Collart M.A. Strahl B.D. Corbett A.H. et al.The Ccr4-Not complex interacts with the mRNA export machinery.PLoS One. 2011; 6e18302Crossref Scopus (42) Google Scholar), while it also controls RNA Polymerase I (Pol I) transcription of ribosomal RNA genes downstream of the target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) signaling pathway (7Laribee R.N. Hosni-Ahmed A. Workman J.J. Chen H. Ccr4-not regulates RNA polymerase I transcription and couples nutrient signaling to the control of ribosomal RNA biogenesis.PLoS Genet. 2015; 11e1005113Crossref Scopus (32) Google Scholar). Although Ccr4-Not has important transcriptional activities, its mechanistic roles in Pol I and Pol II transcription are less defined compared to its role in mRNA degradation. While the Ccr4 deadenylase remains the best characterized enzymatic subunit in the complex, Not4 is a highly conserved ubiquitin ligase whose in vivo functions are poorly understood. Not4 has an N-terminal RING domain that interacts with the paralogous Ubc4 and Ubc5 E2 enzymes to mediate direct substrate ubiquitination (8Mulder K.W. Inagaki A. Cameroni E. Mousson F. Winkler G.S. De Virgilio C. et al.Modulation of Ubc4p/Ubc5p-mediated stress responses by the RING-finger-dependent ubiquitin-protein ligase Not4p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Genetics. 2007; 176: 181-192Crossref PubMed Scopus (43) Google Scholar). The best characterized Not4 substrates are the histone demethylase Jhd2 and the Cyclin C subunit of the Mediator complex, and Not4-dependent ubiquitination stimulates their degradation by the proteasome (9Mersman D.P. Du H.N. Fingerman I.M. South P.F. Briggs S.D. Polyubiquitination of the demethylase Jhd2 controls histone methylation and gene expression.Genes Dev. 2009; 23: 951-962Crossref PubMed Scopus (89) Google Scholar, 10Cooper K.F. Scarnati M.S. Krasley E. Mallory M.J. Jin C. Law M.J. et al.Oxidative-stress-induced nuclear to cytoplasmic relocalization is required for Not4-dependent cyclin C destruction.J. Cell Sci. 2012; 125: 1015-1026Crossref PubMed Scopus (47) Google Scholar). Immediately C-terminal to the Not4 RING domain is a highly conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM) and C3H1 motif that are collectively referred to as the RRM-C domain (11Chen H. Sirupangi T. Wu Z.H. Johnson D.L. Laribee R.N. The conserved RNA recognition motif and C3H1 domain of the Not4 ubiquitin ligase regulate in vivo ligase function.Sci. Rep. 2018; 8: 8163Crossref PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar), which has homology with other RNA binding proteins. However, while Not4 crosslinks to RNA in vivo (12Allen G. Weiss B. Panasenko O.O. Huch S. Villanyi Z. Albert B. et al.Not1 and Not4 inversely determine mRNA solubility that sets the dynamics of co-translational events.Genome Biol. 2023; 24: 30Crossref PubMed Scopus (6) Google Scholar), whether it binds RNA directly through the RRM-C domain is unknown. Not4 RING mutants alone do not completely inactivate Not4 in vivo, yet combining both RING and RRM-C mutations simultaneously does phenocopy a Not4 gene deletion mutant (not4Δ) (11Chen H. Sirupangi T. Wu Z.H. Johnson D.L. Laribee R.N. The conserved RNA recognition motif and C3H1 domain of the Not4 ubiquitin ligase regulate in vivo ligase function.Sci. Rep. 2018; 8: 8163Crossref PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar). Therefore, both domains are required for Not4 in vivo function, and the combination of RING and RRM-C domains also makes Not4 a completely unique ubiquitin ligase in the eukaryotic proteome (13Cano F. Miranda-Saavedra D. Lehner P.J. RNA-binding E3 ubiquitin ligases: novel players in nucleic acid regulation.Biochem. Soc. Trans. 2010; 38: 1621-1626Crossref PubMed Scopus (42) Google Scholar). Besides direct substrate ubiquitination, Not4 also behaves as an adaptor via recruitment of the HECT-domain ligase Rsp5/NEDD4 (14Jiang H. Wolgast M. Beebe L.M. Reese J.C. Ccr4-Not maintains genomic integrity by controlling the ubiquitylation and degradation of arrested RNAPII.Genes Dev. 2019; 33: 705-717Crossref PubMed Scopus (21) Google Scholar). This capacity to recruit Rsp5/NEDD4 has the potential to expand Ccr4-Not's ubiquitin signaling role into areas previously not associated with Ccr4-Not. For example, while Rsp5 regulates transcription and mRNA export (15Domanska A. Kaminska J. Role of Rsp5 ubiquitin ligase in biogenesis of rRNA, Mrna Trna yeast.RNA Biol. 2015; 12: 1265-1274Crossref PubMed Scopus (9) Google Scholar, 16Rodriguez M.S. Gwizdek C. Haguenauer-Tsapis R. Dargemont C. The HECT ubiquitin ligase Rsp5p is required for proper nuclear export of mRNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Traffic. 2003; 4: 566-575Crossref PubMed Google Scholar, 17Neumann S. Petfalski E. Brugger B. Grosshans H. Wieland F. Tollervey D. et al.Formation and nuclear export of tRNA, rRNA and mRNA is regulated by the ubiquitin ligase Rsp5p.EMBO Rep. 2003; 4: 1156-1162Crossref PubMed Scopus (67) Google Scholar), it also controls protein sorting and degradation through the endolysosomal compartment and it regulates autophagy (18Babst M. Quality control: quality control at the plasma membrane: one mechanism does not fit all.J. 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The Ccr4-Not complex regulates TORC1 signaling and mitochondrial metabolism by promoting vacuole V-ATPase activity.PLoS Genet. 2020; 16e1009046Crossref Scopus (6) Google Scholar), but how Not4 functions in each of these processes remains incompletely understood. Not4 monoubiquitinates both the ribosomal protein Rps7a and the Egd1 and Egd2 (Egd1/2) subunits composing the nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC) that mediates co-translational quality control (24Panasenko O.O. Collart M.A. Presence of Not5 and ubiquitinated Rps7A in polysome fractions depends upon the Not4 E3 ligase.Mol. Microbiol. 2012; 83: 640-653Crossref PubMed Scopus (63) Google Scholar, 26Panasenko O. Landrieux E. Feuermann M. Finka A. Paquet N. Collart M.A. The yeast Ccr4-Not complex controls ubiquitination of the nascent-associated polypeptide (NAC-EGD) complex.J. Biol. Chem. 2006; 281: 31389-31398Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (70) Google Scholar). This ubiquitination alters the substrate's function without signaling for their degradation to regulate translation elongation (31Buschauer R. Matsuo Y. Sugiyama T. Chen Y.H. Alhusaini N. Sweet T. et al.The Ccr4-Not complex monitors the translating ribosome for codon optimality.Science. 2020; 368eaay6912Crossref PubMed Scopus (148) Google Scholar). Loss of the Not subunits, including Not4, reduces polysome formation and alters the ratios of the 40S, 60S, and 80S ribosomes (24Panasenko O.O. Collart M.A. Presence of Not5 and ubiquitinated Rps7A in polysome fractions depends upon the Not4 E3 ligase.Mol. Microbiol. 2012; 83: 640-653Crossref PubMed Scopus (63) Google Scholar), indicating a role in ribosomal stability. Beyond translation, Not4 ligase signaling maintains global proteostasis by ubiquitinating the 19S proteasome subunit Rpt5 (27Panasenko O.O. Collart M.A. Not4 E3 ligase contributes to proteasome assembly and functional integrity in part through Ecm29.Mol. 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Ubiquitin-dependent switch during assembly of the proteasomal ATPases mediated by Not4 ubiquitin ligase.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2018; 115: 13246-13251Crossref PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar, 29Nahar A. Sokolova V. Sekaran S. Orth J.D. Park S. Assembly checkpoint of the proteasome regulatory particle is activated by coordinated actions of proteasomal ATPase chaperones.Cell Rep. 2022; 39110918Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (4) Google Scholar). These aberrant proteasomes also become sensitive to vacuole degradation during nutrient stress through a specialized autophagy process termed proteaphagy (29Nahar A. Sokolova V. Sekaran S. Orth J.D. Park S. Assembly checkpoint of the proteasome regulatory particle is activated by coordinated actions of proteasomal ATPase chaperones.Cell Rep. 2022; 39110918Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (4) Google Scholar). Recent evidence further connects Ccr4-Not to the autophagy pathway since Ccr4-deficient cells deregulate autophagy gene transcripts and activate macroautophagy in nutrient-replete conditions (32Yin Z. Zhang Z. Lei Y. Klionsky D.J. Bidirectional roles of the Ccr4-Not complex in regulating autophagy before and after nitrogen starvation.Autophagy. 2023; 19: 415-425Crossref PubMed Scopus (4) Google Scholar). Ccr4-Not also activates TORC1 signaling by maintaining the vacuole V-ATPase H+ pump activity required for TORC1 activation (30Chen H. Miller P.W. Johnson D.L. Laribee R.N. The Ccr4-Not complex regulates TORC1 signaling and mitochondrial metabolism by promoting vacuole V-ATPase activity.PLoS Genet. 2020; 16e1009046Crossref Scopus (6) Google Scholar, 33Dechant R. Saad S. Ibanez A.J. Peter M. Cytosolic pH regulates cell growth through distinct GTPases, Arf1 and Gtr1, to promote Ras/PKA and TORC1 activity.Mol. 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De Virgilio C. et al.Modulation of Ubc4p/Ubc5p-mediated stress responses by the RING-finger-dependent ubiquitin-protein ligase Not4p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Genetics. 2007; 176: 181-192Crossref PubMed Scopus (43) Google Scholar, 36Pan X. Ye P. Yuan D.S. Wang X. Bader J.S. Boeke J.D. A DNA integrity network in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Cell. 2006; 124: 1069-1081Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (453) Google Scholar, 37Costanzo M. VanderSluis B. Koch E.N. Baryshnikova A. Pons C. Tan G. et al.A global genetic interaction network maps a wiring diagram of cellular function.Science. 2016; 353: aaf1420Crossref PubMed Scopus (793) Google Scholar, 38Costanzo M. Baryshnikova A. Bellay J. Kim Y. Spear E.D. Sevier C.S. et al.The genetic landscape of a cell.Science. 2010; 327: 425-431Crossref PubMed Scopus (1703) Google Scholar), indicating that Ccr4-Not contributes further to endolysosomal regulation through mechanisms not yet understood. The effect individual Ccr4-Not subunits have on the transcriptome has been described (30Chen H. Miller P.W. Johnson D.L. Laribee R.N. The Ccr4-Not complex regulates TORC1 signaling and mitochondrial metabolism by promoting vacuole V-ATPase activity.PLoS Genet. 2020; 16e1009046Crossref Scopus (6) Google Scholar, 39Azzouz N. Panasenko O.O. Deluen C. Hsieh J. Theiler G. Collart M.A. Specific roles for the Ccr4-Not complex subunits in expression of the genome.RNA. 2009; 15: 377-383Crossref PubMed Scopus (53) Google Scholar, 40Cui Y. Ramnarain D.B. Chiang Y.C. Ding L.H. McMahon J.S. Denis C.L. Genome wide expression analysis of the CCR4-NOT complex indicates that it consists of three modules with the NOT module controlling SAGA-responsive genes.Mol. Genet. Genomics. 2008; 279: 323-337Crossref PubMed Scopus (46) Google Scholar, 41Miller J.E. Zhang L. Jiang H. Li Y. Pugh B.F. Reese J.C. Genome-Wide mapping of decay factor-mRNA interactions in yeast identifies nutrient-responsive transcripts as targets of the Deadenylase Ccr4.G3 (Bethesda). 2018; 8: 315-330Crossref PubMed Scopus (20) Google Scholar), yet the impact that Not4 ligase signaling has on the proteome remains unclear. How the Ccr4-Not ligase recognizes substrates for ubiquitination is unknown, and only a few substrates have been identified. To address this deficiency, we have performed tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling and quantitative mass spectrometry proteome analysis using not4Δ reconstituted with a control vector, or vectors overexpressing wild-type (WT) Not4 or an inactive Not4 mutant that phenocopies not4Δ (11Chen H. Sirupangi T. Wu Z.H. Johnson D.L. Laribee R.N. The conserved RNA recognition motif and C3H1 domain of the Not4 ubiquitin ligase regulate in vivo ligase function.Sci. Rep. 2018; 8: 8163Crossref PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar). The underlying rationale for this approach was to identify proteins whose expression is repressed by Not4 but not by the Not4 mutant, which we have identified and reported in this study. This work has led to the unexpected discovery that both Not4 ligase inactivation and Not4 overexpression inhibit the expression of ribosomal protein (RP) and ribosomal biogenesis (Ribi) factors, which have important functional consequences for protein synthesis and proteostasis. Additionally, we find that the Ccr4-Not ligase actively represses 40S ribosome autophagy, and we provide genetic evidence that suggests both the RP repression and 40S autophagy activation is related functionally to alterations in the endolysosomal pathway. Although Ccr4-Not regulation of the transcriptome has been defined in-depth (39Azzouz N. Panasenko O.O. Deluen C. Hsieh J. Theiler G. Collart M.A. Specific roles for the Ccr4-Not complex subunits in expression of the genome.RNA. 2009; 15: 377-383Crossref PubMed Scopus (53) Google Scholar, 40Cui Y. Ramnarain D.B. Chiang Y.C. Ding L.H. McMahon J.S. Denis C.L. Genome wide expression analysis of the CCR4-NOT complex indicates that it consists of three modules with the NOT module controlling SAGA-responsive genes.Mol. Genet. Genomics. 2008; 279: 323-337Crossref PubMed Scopus (46) Google Scholar), the impact that the Ccr4-Not ligase has on the proteome remains incompletely defined. Furthermore, most Ccr4-Not ligase studies have used cells either lacking Not4 expression entirely (not4Δ) (42Allen G.E. Panasenko O.O. Villanyi Z. Zagatti M. Weiss B. Pagliazzo L. et al.Not4 and Not5 modulate translation elongation by Rps7A ubiquitination, Rli1 moonlighting, condensates that exclude Eif5a.Cell Rep. 2021; 36109633Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (18) Google Scholar), express Not4 partial deletion constructs (14Jiang H. Wolgast M. Beebe L.M. Reese J.C. Ccr4-Not maintains genomic integrity by controlling the ubiquitylation and degradation of arrested RNAPII.Genes Dev. 2019; 33: 705-717Crossref PubMed Scopus (21) Google Scholar), or have reconstituted not4Δ with Not4 RING mutants that do not completely phenocopy not4Δ (8Mulder K.W. Inagaki A. Cameroni E. Mousson F. Winkler G.S. De Virgilio C. et al.Modulation of Ubc4p/Ubc5p-mediated stress responses by the RING-finger-dependent ubiquitin-protein ligase Not4p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Genetics. 2007; 176: 181-192Crossref PubMed Scopus (43) Google Scholar). Accurate assessment of Not4 function necessitates using a full-length Not4 ligase that incorporates into Ccr4-Not yet a functionally inactive ligase to avoid indirect effects on Ccr4-Not activity independent of its ubiquitin ligase role. Thus, we transformed wild-type (WT) and not4Δ with a control vector, vector overexpressing C-terminal FLAG-tagged WT Not4 (NOT4), or a Not4 mutant (NOT4RR) that contains mutations in both the RING and RRM-C domains. We previously demonstrated that both Not4 and Not4RR incorporate into Ccr4-Not, yet Not4RR is functionally null and phenocopies not4Δ (11Chen H. Sirupangi T. Wu Z.H. Johnson D.L. Laribee R.N. The conserved RNA recognition motif and C3H1 domain of the Not4 ubiquitin ligase regulate in vivo ligase function.Sci. Rep. 2018; 8: 8163Crossref PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar). Plasmid expressed NOT4 restored all not4Δ phenotypes, including sensitivity to heat stress, while NOT4RR failed to restore any not4Δ phenotype tested (Fig. 1A and see below) (11Chen H. Sirupangi T. Wu Z.H. Johnson D.L. Laribee R.N. The conserved RNA recognition motif and C3H1 domain of the Not4 ubiquitin ligase regulate in vivo ligase function.Sci. Rep. 2018; 8: 8163Crossref PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar). Importantly, plasmid expressed NOT4 and NOT4RR transcripts are expressed at higher levels relative to NOT4 expressed from its endogenous chromosomal locus (Fig. 1B), and both Not4 and Not4RR are readily detectable by anti-FLAG immunoblot (IB) (Fig. 1C). We reasoned this Not4 and Not4RR overexpression system could be used to identify proteins whose abundance is sensitive to Not4 ligase activity and/or expression levels. These proteins then could be pursued as possible novel Ccr4-Not ligase substrates. To identify the differentially expressed proteins in these conditions, whole-cell extracts (WCEs) from at least three biological replicates from Figure 1A were prepared and subjected to LC-MS-MS analysis using Reporter Ions Quantification approach based on Tandem Mass Tag (TMTpro)-labeling. Quantifiable results for over 3300 proteins in each condition were achieved, and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed high reproducibility between the independent replicates as evidenced by their clustering (Fig. 1D). Intriguingly, while not4Δ + NOT4 rescues all not4Δ phenotypes (Fig. 1A) (11Chen H. Sirupangi T. Wu Z.H. Johnson D.L. Laribee R.N. The conserved RNA recognition motif and C3H1 domain of the Not4 ubiquitin ligase regulate in vivo ligase function.Sci. Rep. 2018; 8: 8163Crossref PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar), it clusters distinctly from the WT + vector control, which indicates Not4 overexpression does alter the proteome (Fig. 1D). The not4Δ + vector and NOT4RR samples clustered similarly (Fig. 1D), which is predicted since the Not4RR mutant phenocopies not4Δ (Fig. 1A) (11Chen H. Sirupangi T. Wu Z.H. Johnson D.L. Laribee R.N. The conserved RNA recognition motif and C3H1 domain of the Not4 ubiquitin ligase regulate in vivo ligase function.Sci. Rep. 2018; 8: 8163Crossref PubMed Scopus (10) Google Scholar). To identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the experimental conditions, the data were analyzed using a 1.5-fold change in expression with an FDR<0.05 relative to the WT + vector control. Using these criteria, 959 (not4Δ + vector), 290 (not4Δ + NOT4), and 701 (not4Δ + NOT4RR) DEPs were identified (Fig. 1E). Venn analysis of these DEPs identified a substantial overlap of 214 proteins between the vector, NOT4, and NOT4RR expressing cells, thus indicating a protein subset whose expression is sensitive to both the Not4 expression level and its ligase activity (Fig. 1E). Pairwise analyses also reveal exclusive overlap between vector and NOT4 (26 proteins), NOT4 and NOT4RR (9 proteins), and vector and NOT4RR (422 proteins) (Fig. 1E). Additionally, the not4Δ + vector, NOT4, or NOT4RR cells exhibit condition-specific DEPs, with 297 DEPs in the not4Δ vector samples, while 41 and 56 DEPs were specific for the NOT4 and NOT4RR samples, respectively (Fig. 1E). These data indicate that both Not4 expression and its ligase activity have overlapping as well as selective proteome effects. Importantly, we find that the not4Δ + vector exhibits reduced expression (greater than 1.5-fold change) of the Caf40 and Not2 Ccr4-Not subunits compared to the WT + vector control while reconstituting cells with either Not4 or the Not4RR mutant restores Caf40 and Not2 protein expression (less than 1.5-fold change for either) (Fig. S1). These data are consistent with the observation that Ccr4-Not subunit loss can destabilize additional complex members (43Gupta I. Villanyi Z. Kassem S. Hughes C. Panasenko O.O. Steinmetz L.M. et al.Translational capacity of a cell is determined during transcription elongation via the ccr4-not complex.Cell Rep. 2016; 15: 1782-1794Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Google Scholar). While some of the differentially expressed proteins may be due to non-specific effects caused by overexpressing Not4 or the Not4RR mutant, the identified DEPs specifically in Not4 overexpressing cells provide an initial set of factors to test in future effo