A new, yet old, threat to amphibians Globally, populations of amphibians have been severely affected by a disease caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis . Recently, some European salamander populations were decimated by the emergence of a new, related chytrid fungus, B. salamandrivorans . Martel et al. screened amphibians across continents. This newly emerging threat seems to have originated in Asia and traveled to Europe with salamanders transported as part of the pet trade. Asian salamanders have evolved resistance to the pathogen, but salamanders from other parts of the world are highly susceptible. Science , this issue p. 630