Abstract Glutathione (GSH) has been studied for its potential to enhance stress tolerance in plant systems, but the role of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) in GSH‐induced water stress tolerance in sweet pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) is still under investigation. This study explores how H 2 S and GSH modulate water stress tolerance in pepper plants, addressing a research gap. The joint effect of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a donor of H 2 S, and GSH on water stress tolerance was determined through pre‐treatment with the H 2 S scavenger 0.1 mM hypotaurine (HT). Pepper seedlings were sprayed with 1.0 mM GSH or GSH + 0.2 mM NaHS once a week, with soil moisture content set at 80% and 40% for full irrigation and water stress conditions for a duration of 2 weeks. The results showed that water stress significantly reduced total plant dry weight, chlorophyll a and b content, Fv/Fm , leaf water potential, and relative water content by 50%, 56%, 33%, 27%, 52%, and 34%, while increasing hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), proline, and H 2 S levels by 152%, 134%, and77%, respectively. Treatment with GSH and NaHS reduced water stress‐induced H 2 O 2 production and improved plant growth, photosynthetic traits, proline, and the activity of L‐cysteine desulfhydrase (L‐DES), leading to the generation of H 2 S content. GSH reduced NADPH oxidase (NOX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and H 2 O 2 but increased glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities. The interaction of NaHS and GSH led to further reductions in NOX, SOD, and H 2 O 2 values but increased GPX activity. The combined GSH and NaHS treatment increased nitric oxide (NO) production but decreased the activity of S ‐nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), potentially accelerating S ‐nitrosylation. Hypotaurine negated the positive impacts of GSH on water stress tolerance by reducing H 2 S concentration in pepper plants, but this was corrected by the concurrent application of NaHS and GSH + HT. Therefore, water stress tolerance requires H 2 S.