Background:
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a severe extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Abatacept (ABA) has demonstrated effectiveness in the treatment of RA-ILD, regardless combined or not with methotrexate and the radiological pattern [1-3]. Although global results are satisfactory, there are patients who present progression of ILD despite its use. The characterization of this group of patients is crucial for its early identification and management Objectives:
To assess a) the RA-ILD patients treated with ABA with progression of ILD and b) comparative study with patients without progression. Methods:
From a large observational multicenter study of 526 RA-ILD patients treated with ABA, we selected those with available pulmonary function tests (PFTs) follow-up data. Progression of ILD was defined as an absolute decline of forced vital capacity (FVC) of ≥10% within 2 years of follow-up since ABA initiation (Figure 1). compared demographic and clinical variables of patients with ILD progression vs. patients with ILD improvement or stabilization. Results are expressed as percentage, mean±SD or median [IQR]. Results:
We included a total of 343 patients with available data on FVC evolution, of which 80 (23.3%) presented ILD progression and 263 (76.7%) had a favorable lung function course. The differential baseline demographic and clinical characteristics between these 2 groups of patients are displayed in Table 1. We found no statistically significant differences between both groups in terms of age, sex, smoking, ILD duration up to ABA initiation, positivity of rheumatoid factor or anti-citrullinated protein autoantibodies, combined treatment, prednisone dose, baseline PFTs or radiological pattern. The differences in basal dyspnea and previous therapy with methotrexate and tocilizumab were statistically significant. Conclusion:
Almost a quarter of patients with ABA therapy presented ILD progression. There were few differences between progressive group and non-progressive group. Although ABA has consistently demonstrated effectiveness in the treatment of RA-ILD, its response should be closely monitored in all the patients to early detect progression. REFERENCES:
[1] Fernández-Díaz C, et al. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2020 Dec 1;59(12):3906-3916. [2] Fernández-Díaz C, et al. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2021 Dec 24;61(1):299-308. [3] Atienza-Mateo B, et al. Eur J Intern Med. 2024 Jan;119:118-124. Table 1. Comparison of main baseline features of RA-ILD patients treated with ABA divided into ILD progression and no-ILD progression groups. ACPA, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies; DLCO, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; cDMARD, conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; FVC, forced vital capacity; HRCT, high-resolution computed tomography; ILD, interstitial lung disease; IQR, interquartile range; iv, intravenous; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council scale; MTX, methotrexate; NSIP, non-specific interstitial pneumonia; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; RF, rheumatoid factor; RTX, rituximab; sc, subcutaneous; SD, standard deviation; TCZ, tocilizumab; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; UIP, usual interstitial pneumonia. Acknowledgements:
NIL. Disclosure of Interests:
Ana Serrano-Combarro: None declared, Belén Atienza-Mateo: None declared, Libe Ibarrola Paino: None declared, Ivette Casafont-Solé: None declared, Jesús Loarce-Martos: None declared, Juan María Blanco-Madrigal: None declared, Santos Castañeda: None declared, Rafaela Ortega-Castro: None declared, Natalia Mena-Vázquez: None declared, Nuria Vegas-Revenga: None declared, Lucía Domínguez Casas: None declared, Cilia Peralta-Ginés: None declared, Carolina Díez: None declared, Lorena Pérez Albaladejo: None declared, Ruben López-Sánchez: None declared, Mª Guadalupe Mazano Canabal: None declared, Anahy Brandy-Garcia: None declared, Patricia López Viejo: None declared, Gema Bonilla: None declared, Olga Maiz: None declared, Maria del Carmen Carrasco Cubero: None declared, Marta Garijo Bufort: None declared, Mireia Moreno: None declared, Ana Urruticoechea-Arana: None declared, Sergi Ordoñez: None declared, C. González-Montagut Gómez: None declared, Andrea García-Valle: None declared, Juan Ramón De Dios Jiménez de Aberásturi: None declared, Patricia Carreira: None declared, Tomas Vazquez Rodriguez: None declared, Delia Fernandez-Lozano: None declared, Ignacio Braña Abascal: None declared, Rafael B Melero-González: None declared, EMILIO GINER: None declared, Virginia Ruiz: None declared, Clara Ventín-Rodríguez: None declared, Marina Rodriguez Lopez: None declared, Pablo Andújar-Brazal: None declared, J. Fernández-Melón: None declared, Lilian Maria López: None declared, Jose Ramón Lamúa Riazuelo: None declared, Carlos Fernández-Díaz: None declared, Javier Loricera: None declared, Diego Ferrer: None declared, Ricardo Blanco Abbvie, Pfizer, Roche, lilly, Bristol-Myers, Janssen, Galapagos and MSD, Abbvie, Pfizer, Roche, lilly, Bristol-Myers, Janssen and MSD, Abbvie, MSD, novartis and Roche.