BACKGROUND CD155 is a transmembrane protein that belongs to the nectin-like molecule family that is widely overexpressed in several types of cancer. However, the clinical significance of CD155 in pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma remains poorly understood. METHODS We analyzed 320 patients diagnosed with pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical treatment at Kyushu University Hospital between 2006 and 2015. The number of tumor cells expressing CD155 was assessed by immunohistochemistry, and patients were categorized into high and low CD155 expression groups. We compared the clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes between these groups. RESULTS EGFR mutation status was determined in 237 patients. A total of 106 patients (33.1%) had EGFR wild-type, while 131 patients (40.9%) were EGFR mutant-type. Regarding CD155 expression, 77 patients (24.1%) were classified as high and 243 (75.9%) as low. The multivariate analysis identified pleural invasion and EGFR wild-type as independent predictors of high CD155 expression. The Kaplan–Meier plot demonstrated significantly poorer recurrence-free survival and overall survival in the high CD155 group compared with the low CD155 group. In multivariate analysis, high CD155 expression was an independent poor prognostic factor for both recurrence-free and overall survival. Subgroup analyses revealed that a prognostic difference related to CD155 expression was observed only in patients with EGFR wild-type but not in those with EGFR mutant-type. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that high expression of CD155 is associated with EGFR wild-type and could serve as a valuable prognostic marker in pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma, particularly in cases without EGFR mutation.