Advancements in pediatric cancer treatment have increased patient survival rates; however, childhood cancer survivors may face long-term health challenges due to treatment-related effects on organs. Regular post-treatment surveillance and early intervention are crucial for improving the survivors' quality of life and long-term health outcomes. The present paper highlights the significance of late effects in childhood cancer survivors, particularly those with hematologic malignancies, stressing the importance of a vigilant follow-up approach to ensure better overall well-being.