We perform nonperturbative studies of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory by MonteCarlo simulation. In particular, we calculate the correlation functions ofchiral primary operators to test the AdS/CFT correspondence. Our results agreewith the predictions obtained from the AdS side that the SUSYnon-renormalization property is obeyed by the three-point functions but\emph{not} by the four-point functions investigated in this paper. Instead ofthe lattice regularization, we use a novel regularization of the theory basedon an equivalence in the large-N limit between the N=4 SU(N) theory on RxS^3and a one-dimensional SU(N) gauge theory known as the plane-wave (BMN) matrixmodel. The equivalence extends the idea of large-N reduction to a curved spaceand, at the same time, overcomes the obstacle related to the center symmetrybreaking. The adopted regularization preserves 16 SUSY, which is crucial intesting the AdS/CFT correspondence with the available computer resources. Theonly SUSY breaking effects, which come from the momentum cutoff $\Lambda$ in Rdirection, are made negligible by using sufficiently large $\Lambda$.