Research Article1 March 1994free access The characterization of a mammalian DNA structure-specific endonuclease. J.J. Harrington J.J. Harrington Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5324. Search for more papers by this author M.R. Lieber M.R. Lieber Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5324. Search for more papers by this author J.J. Harrington J.J. Harrington Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5324. Search for more papers by this author M.R. Lieber M.R. Lieber Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5324. Search for more papers by this author Author Information J.J. Harrington1 and M.R. Lieber1 1Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5324. The EMBO Journal (1994)13:1235-1246https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06373.x PDFDownload PDF of article text and main figures. ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyWechatReddit Figures & Info The repair of some types of DNA double-strand breaks is thought to proceed through DNA flap structure intermediates. A DNA flap is a bifurcated structure composed of double-stranded DNA and a displaced single-strand. To identify DNA flap cleaving activities in mammalian nuclear extracts, we created an assay utilizing a synthetic DNA flap substrate. This assay has allowed the first purification of a mammalian DNA structure-specific nuclease. The enzyme described here, flap endonuclease-1 (FEN-1), cleaves DNA flap strands that terminate with a 5′ single-stranded end. As expected for an enzyme which functions in double-strand break repair flap resolution, FEN-1 cleavage is flap strand-specific and independent of flap strand length. Furthermore, efficient flap cleavage requires the presence of the entire flap structure. Substrates missing one strand are not cleaved by FEN-1. Other branch structures, including Holliday junctions, are also not cleaved by FEN-1. In addition to endonuclease activity, FEN-1 has a 5′-3′ exonuclease activity which is specific for double-stranded DNA. The endo- and exonuclease activities of FEN-1 are discussed in the context of DNA replication, recombination and repair. Next ArticlePrevious Article Volume 13Issue 51 March 1994In this issue RelatedDetailsLoading ...