Summary GW 2 is emerging as a key genetic determinant of grain weight in cereal crops; it has three homoeologs ( Ta GW 2‐A1 , ‐B1 and ‐D1 ) in hexaploid common wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Here, by analyzing the gene editing mutants that lack one ( B1 or D1 ), two ( B1 and D1 ) or all three ( A1 , B1 and D1 ) homoeologs of Ta GW 2 , several insights are gained into the functions of Ta GW 2‐B1 and ‐D1 in common wheat grain traits. First, both Ta GW 2‐B1 and ‐D1 affect thousand‐grain weight ( TGW ) by influencing grain width and length, but the effect conferred by Ta GW 2‐B1 is stronger than that of Ta GW 2‐D1 . Second, there exists functional interaction between Ta GW 2 homoeologs because the TGW increase shown by a double mutant (lacking B1 and D1 ) was substantially larger than that of their single mutants. Third, both Ta GW 2‐B1 and ‐D1 modulate cell number and length in the outer pericarp of developing grains, with Ta GW 2‐B1 being more potent. Finally, Ta GW 2 homoeologs also affect grain protein content as this parameter was generally increased in the mutants, especially in the lines lacking two or three homoeologs. Consistent with this finding, two wheat end‐use quality‐related parameters, flour protein content and gluten strength, were considerably elevated in the mutants. Collectively, our data shed light on functional difference between and additive interaction of Ta GW 2 homoeologs in the genetic control of grain weight and protein content traits in common wheat, which may accelerate further research on this important gene and its application in wheat improvement.