Wireless sensor networks are extensively utilized across various aspects of people's production and daily lives. Key distribution management, as one of the fundamental security measures in wireless sensor networks, is bound to receive significant research focus and attention. This study aims to investigate a security management system for wireless sensor networks based on chaotic encryption. It introduces a group encryption algorithm based on chaotic mapping, utilizing group encryption methods to alleviate storage pressure on wireless sensor network nodes. In addition to employing chaotic mapping, the algorithm incorporates ciphertext feedback to ensure that each round of encryption keys and shift spaces are related to the ciphertext, effectively resisting potential damage from chosen-plaintext attacks. The use of plaintext misalignment further safeguards the encryption algorithm against exhaustive attacks. Experimental simulations demonstrate the algorithm's high security and fast encryption process, enhancing the logical coherence of the abstract.