Systematic characterization ofDrosophilaRhoGEF/GAP localizations uncovers regulators of mechanosensing and junction formation during epithelial cell division

Abstract

Summary Cell proliferation is central to epithelial tissue development, repair and homeostasis. During cell division, small RhoGTPases control both actomyosin dynamics and cell-cell junction remodelling to faithfully segregate the duplicated genome while maintaining tissue polarity and integrity. To decipher the mechanisms of RhoGTPases spatiotemporal regulation during epithelial cell division, we generated a transgenic fluorescently tagged library for Drosophila Rho Guanine exchange factors (GEF) and GTPase activating proteins (GAP), and systematically characterized their endogenous distributions by time- lapse microscopy. Thereby, we unveiled candidate regulators of the interplay between actomyosin and junctional dynamics during epithelial cell division. Building on these findings, we uncovered that during cytokinesis, Cysts and RhoGEF4 play sequential roles in mechanosensing and de novo junction formation, respectively. We foresee that the RhoGEF/GAP library will be a key resource to understand the broad range of biological processes regulated by RhoGTPases.