Abstract “Stem-like” TCF1 + CD8 + T cells (T SL ) are necessary for long-term maintenance of T cell responses and the efficacy of immunotherapy but, as tumors contain signals that should drive T-cell terminal-differentiation, how these cells are maintained in tumors remains unclear. We found that a small number of TCF1 + tumor-specific CD8 + T cells were present in tumors throughout development. Yet, most intratumoral T cells differentiated as tumors progressed, corresponding with an immunologic shift in the tumor microenvironment (TME) from “hot” to “cold”. By contrast, most tumor-specific CD8 + T cells in tumor-draining lymph nodes (dLNs) had functions and gene expression signatures similar to T SL from chronic LCMV infection and this population was stable over time, despite the changes in the TME. dLN T cells were the precursors of their more-differentiated intratumoral counterparts, and maintenance of TCF1 by intratumoral T cells required continuous migration from dLNs. Finally, T SL CD8 T cells were also present in LNs from lung adenocarcinoma patients, suggesting this population is also relevant in human disease. Thus, we propose that the dLN T SL reservoir has a critical function during tumor development in sustaining antitumor T cells during tumor development and protecting them from the terminal differentiation that occurs in the TME.